In this book, leading scholars in the field of World Englishes (WE) offer fresh perspectives in re-thinking issues on the use of English as a global language in an interconnected world. Established as a legitimate field of study, WE offers a conceptual framework which has influenced scholarship in many related disciplines: contact linguistics, postcolonial Englishes, English as a lingua franca, English as an international language, and applied linguistics. This seminal volume will have an excellent balance between theoretical and empirical works focusing on scholarship that has arisen in relation to the Kachruvian Three Concentric Circles model. This book covers topics such as state-of-the-art review of WE, WE and contact linguistics, post-colonial Englishes, English as a Lingua Franca, English as an International Language, WE and applied linguistics, language measurement and testing in WE, language policy and management, language education and dynamic ecologies, language typology, WE as a new canon, WE and corpus linguistics, WE and multimodalities, and makes predictions about the future of WE. It contains a comprehensive and up-to-date bibliography of major works published in the field.

This book investigates the theoretical, empirical and pedagogical issues to help us better understand what is happening with English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) communication and to activate this knowledge in respective communicative contexts. It focuses specifically on Japanese contexts and also includes theoretical and practical sections pertinent to all ELF researchers, practitioners and students, irrespective of their national or regional differences. It further attempts to connect this new field of research to established fields of linguistics and applied linguistics such as communication, assessment and multilingualism by exploring them from an ELF perspective, which is challenging but essential for the development of the field. Exploring ELF in Japanese Academic and Business Contexts: Conceptualisation, research and pedagogic implications includes chapters about: English in a Global Context Own-language use in academic discourse English as a lingua franca in international business contexts A linguistic soundscape/landscape analysis of ELF information provision in public transport in Tokyo Using pragmatic strategies for effective ELF communication: Relevance to classroom practice This book will be of interest to scholars and post-graduate students working in the fields of Applied Linguistics/TESOL. It will also engage researchers studying the growing influence of English around the world.

This expanded edition of the International Multilingual Research Journal's recent special issue on translanguaging - or the dynamic, normative languaging practices of bilinguals - presents a powerful, comprehensive volume on current scholarship on this topic. Translanguaging can be understood from multiple perspectives. From a sociolinguistic point of view, it describes the flexible language practices of bilingual communities. From a pedagogical one, it describes strategic and complementary approaches to teaching and learning through which teachers build bridges between the everyday language practices of bilinguals and the language practices and performances desired in formal school settings. The Complex and Dynamic Language Practices of Emergent Bilinguals explores the pedagogical possibilities and challenges of translanguaging practice and pedagogy across a variety of U.S. educational programs that serve language-minoritized, emergent bilingual children and illustrates the affordances of dynamic, multilingual learning contexts in expanding emergent bilingual children's linguistic repertoires and supporting their participation in formalized, school-based language performances that socialize them into the discourses of schooling. Taken together, the chapters in this volume examine the dynamic interactions and complex language ideologies of bilinguals-including pre- and in-service teachers, preK-12 students, and other members of multilingual and multidialectal sociolinguistic communities throughout the United States-as they language fluidly and flexibly and challenge the marginalization of these normative bilingual practices in academic settings and beyond. The articles in this book were originally published in the International Multilingual Research Journal.

This module explores the purposes of and methods for teaching second language writing. Engaging and accessible, Teaching Second Language Writing is organized into three sections that mainly focus on activities, approaches, and real-life writing tasks and genres that are the most applicable and useful for the language teaching classroom.

The book sets a new critical sociolinguistic agenda for the field of CLIL. It originally discusses the forces and practices of CLIL implementation in various contexts of Asia, Australia, Europe and Latin America. It makes visible issues, processes and actors regularly overlooked in CLIL scholarship, exploring inequities in policy and implementation. It illuminates the impact of CLIL in contemporary multilingual education.

Multilingualism is a phenomenon that has become increasingly visible in popular cinema and thus is currently a very novel object of academic inquiry. The present volume is a cutting-edge collection of cross- and transdisciplinary takes on this phenomenon and its different aspects. Its topics range from translation theory to political and aesthetic quandaries of audiovisual translation and subtitling, to narratological function of multilingualism in fiction, to language ideologies and language poetics onscreen. Its authorship is a worldwide body of perspectives, whose contributions span a distinctive collection of international, national and regional film traditions.

First published in 1979. The performance of West Indian children in British schools has been the subject of enquiries by both a parliamentary select committee and the Department of Education. It is widely believed that an important factor in the relative failure of West Indian children is the language they use, West Indian Creole, and while teachers and others who work with them are aware that their language is often very different from British English, they seldom understand the nature of the differences, or their implications. The aim of this book is to provide the non-specialist with an account of the language of West Indian children and to examine how linguistic 'interference' can affect their level of reading, writing and understanding, even when they have been born in Britain. It also considers the worrying possibility that negative attitudes towards them and their language may have an adverse effect on their motivation to learn standard English. Viv Edwards places great stress on the fact that, although Creole is different from British English, it is in no way deficient as a language. She emphasizes the importance of familiarity with the structure of Creole, since it is only in this way that the teachers can discriminate between real mistakes and Creole 'interference'. Attention is drawn to the relationship between language attitudes and social stereotypes and the danger that these might be translated into reality. Different strategies available to the teacher are examined, drawing on American experience in this field, and various initiatives taken by British teachers are described, thus making the study a work of practical value to teachers and others.

From Los Angeles to Tokyo, Urban Sociolinguistics is a sociolinguistic study of twelve urban settings around the world. Building on William Labov's famous New York Study, the authors demonstrate how language use in these areas is changing based on belief systems, behavioural norms, day-to-day rituals and linguistic practices. All chapters are written by key figures in sociolinguistics and presents the personal stories of individuals using linguistic means to go about their daily communications, in diverse sociolinguistic systems such as: extremely large urban conurbations like Cairo, Tokyo, and Mexico City smaller settings like Paris and Sydney less urbanised places such as the Western Netherlands Randstad area and Kohima in India. Providing new perspectives on crucial themes such as language choice and language contact, code-switching and mixing, language and identity, language policy and planning and social networks, this is key reading for students and researchers in the areas of multilingualism and super-diversity within sociolinguistics, applied linguistics and urban studies.

Originally published in 1997. By drawing on the experiences of children aged 3 to 8 attending schools in Britain, Germany, Iceland, Australia and the USA, the authors of these eleven case studies provide insights into what it means for young children to enter a new language and culture in school. They look at the scope of out-of-school language and learning practices (the role of care givers, siblings and community language classes) and go on to look at the ways in which the teacher can act as mediator of a new language and culture in school. This book helps teachers develop culturally responsive teaching programmes based on an awareness of the knowledge children bring from home and the community. The book will be of interest to early years and primary school teachers working in multilingual classrooms and students.

* Uniquely offers systematic, all-inclusive, comprehensive, detailed coverage that brings together psycholinguistics and SLA in their full breadth, empirical and theoretical. Competing handbooks focus on SLA, psycholinguistics, or bilingualism, while discussing the other field in part - but do not unite these areas with a psycholinguistic perspective on themes and topics in SLA the way this volume does, nor do they have the depth and breadth of this volume. It also takes a forward-looking approach to new contexts and applications of psycholinguistics in SLA, and sets the stage for future research. * Represents formal, functional, applied, educational, and methodological perspectives on SLA. The methods chapters are uniquely related to the content chapters, so that readers can identify the suitability and applicability of a method to research areas in SLA. * A unique reference for advanced students and scholars/researchers from a wide array of subjects who are highly interested in psycholinguistics and language learning/acquisition, evident in the journals publishing work in this area and proliferation of conferences: second language acquisition, applied linguistics, psycholinguistics, bilingualism/multilingualism, neurolinguistics, cognitive science, psychology, education, and educational linguistics. * Provides guidance both to newcomers and more experienced researchers in the field who turn to psycholinguistic methods to address their research questions. This handbook fills a gap in the market and will appeal to a broad audience of researchers and (graduate) students in the expanding fields of bilingualism, multilingualism, and SLA.

Originally published in 1992. This book is designed to help the teacher facing the challenge posed by multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multi-language classes. The contributions, from teachers and Higher Education tutors, are based on experience and research in this area and their emphasis is practical with theoretical support being provided where relevant. Part one considers issues of difference, including looking at oral language development, issues of assessment, and the particular needs of traveller children, among other topics. The second part looks at stories and books while the third looks at active language use in writing and drama. Part four suggests useful resources.

Assessment in Second Language Pronunciation highlights the importance of pronunciation in the assessment of second language speaking proficiency. Leading researchers from around the world cover practical issues as well as theoretical principles, enabling the understanding and application of the theory involved in assessment in pronunciation. Key features of this book include: Examination of key criteria in pronunciation assessment, including intelligibility, comprehensibility and accentedness; Exploration of the impact of World Englishes and English as a Lingua Franca on pronunciation assessment; Evaluation of the validity and reliability of testing, including analysis of scoring methodologies; Discussion of current and future practice in assessing pronunciation via speech recognition technology. Assessment in Second Language Pronunciation is vital reading for students studying modules on pronunciation and language testing and assessment.

This book investigates, from a sociocultural, linguistic, and pedagogical perspective, the conceptual and pragmatic frameworks that characterize secondary language learning in a Northeast Asian context. Hadzantonis contextualizes these salient domains through an engagement with social and cultural themes such as the familial, political, as well as cultural commodities and socioeducational structures. In this way, the text employs tools such as transnational theory and performativity and develops a model that contributes to the resolution of one of the greatest economic issues of the time, that of ineffective secondary language learning.

In this collection of real-life, personal narratives on the theme of language and globalization, scholars from a range of different sub-disciplines of linguistics, time periods, and geographical spaces throughout the world examine the interaction and intersectionality of languages and globalization and the implications of such interactions for world languages and cultures. A feature of the book is the application of autoethnography as its underlying approach/method, in which contributors draw on their own lived experiences (of life, scholarship, and work) to investigate and reflect on linguistic globalization and its issues and challenges against the backdrop of the globalized world of the 21st century.

Detailing a decade of life and language use in a remote Alaskan Yup'ik community, Youth Culture, Language Endangerment and Linguistic Survivance provides rare insight into young people's language brokering and Indigenous people's contemporary linguistic ecologies. This book examines how two consecutive groups of youth in a Yup'ik village negotiated eroding heritage language learning resources, changing language ideologies, and gendered subsistence practices while transforming community language use over time. Wyman shows how villagers used specific Yup'ik forms, genres, and discourse practices to foster learning in and out of school, underscoring the stakes of language endangerment. At the same time, by demonstrating how the youth and adults in the study used multiple languages, literacies and translanguaging to sustain a unique subarctic way of life, Wyman illuminates Indigenous peoples' wide-ranging forms of linguistic survivance in an interconnected world.

This book examines the development of English as a written vernacular and identifies that development as a process of community building that occurred in a multilingual context. Moving through the eighth century to the thirteenth century, and finally to the sixteenth-century antiquarians who collected medieval manuscripts, it suggests that this important period in the history of English can only be understood if we loosen our insistence on a sharp divide between Old and Middle English and place the textuality of this period in the framework of a multilingual matrix. The book examines a wide range of materials, including the works of Bede, the Alfredian circle, and Wulfstan, as well as the mid-eleventh-century Encomium Emmae Reginae, the Tremulous Hand of Worcester, the Ancrene Wisse, and Matthew Parker's study of Old English manuscripts. Engaging foundational theories of textual community and intellectual community, this book provides a crucial link with linguistic distance. Perceptions of distance, whether between English and other languages or between different forms of English, are fundamental to the formation of textual community, since the awareness of shared language that can shape or reinforce a sense of communal identity only has meaning by contrast with other languages or varieties. The book argues that the precocious rise of English as a written vernacular has its basis in precisely these communal negotiations of linguistic distance, the effects of which were still playing out in the religious and political upheavals of the sixteenth century. Ultimately, the book argues that the tension of linguistic distance provides the necessary energy for the community-building activities of annotation and glossing, translation, compilation, and other uses of texts and manuscripts. This will be an important volume for literary scholars of the medieval period, and those working on the early modern period, both on literary topics and on historical studies of English nationalism. It will also appeal to those with interests in sociolinguistics, history of the English language, and medieval religious history.

Pedagogical interaction can be observed through many different landscapes, such as the graduate seminar, the writing skills center, the after-school literacy program, adult ESL classrooms, and post-observation conferences. By viewing these settings through the lens of conversation analysis, this volume lays the groundwork for three principles of pedagogical interaction: competence, complexity, and contingency. The author explores these principles and how they inform what makes a good teacher, how people learn, and why certain pedagogical encounters are more enlightening than others. Drawn from the author's original research in various pedagogical settings, this volume collects empirical insights from conversation analysis and contributes to theory building. Theorizing Pedagogical Interaction will appeal to students and scholars in applied linguistics, educational linguistics, and communication studies who are interested in the discourse of teaching and learning.

This volume examines the connection between socio-economic class and bilingual practices, a previously under-researched area, through looking at differences in bilingual settings that are classified as "immigrant" or "elite" and are thus linked to socio-economic class categories. Fuller chooses for this examination bilingual pre-teen children in Germany and the U.S. in order to demonstrate how local identities are embedded in a wider social world and how ideologies and identities both produce and reproduce each other. In so doing, she argues that while pre-teen children are clearly influenced by macro-level ideologies, they also have agency in how they choose to construct their identities with relation to hegemonic societal discourses, and have many other motivations and identities aside from social class membership which shape their linguistic practices.

Faces of English Education provides an accessible, wide-ranging introduction to current perspectives on English language education, covering new areas of interest and recent studies in the field. In seventeen specially commissioned chapters written by international experts and practitioners, this book: offers an authoritative discussion of theoretical issues and debates surrounding key topics such as identity, motivation, teacher education and classroom pedagogy; discusses teaching from the perspective of the student as well as the teacher, and features sections on both in- and out-of-class learning; showcases the latest teaching research and methods, including MOOCs, use of corpora, and blended learning, and addresses the interface between theory and practice; analyses the different ways and contexts in which English is taught, learned and used around the world. Faces of English Education is essential reading for pre- and in-service teachers, researchers in TESOL and applied linguistics, and teacher educators, as well as upper undergraduate and postgraduate students studying related topics.

This book highlights the ways in which insights from technology-mediated project-based language learning research can contribute to our understanding of both learner interaction in specific cultural contexts but also of the role of technology in language learning more generally. The volume situates the discussion within the context of the development of the field, from task-based to project-based language learning, and how these have been shaped over time by the evolution of new technologies. Using the case study of EFL learners in a Japanese classroom, the book adopts a multimodal approach to unpack this phenomena at work by examining learner collaboration in project-based work in a real-world setting. The volume provides a valuable contribution to the ongoing debate about the effective integration of digital technologies in the classroom and will be of particular interest to students and scholars in applied linguistics, computer-assisted language learning, task-based language teaching, and TESOL.

This volume brings together scholars in sociolinguistics and the sociology of new media and mobile technologies who are working on different social and communicative aspects of the Latino diaspora. There is new interest in the ways in which migrants negotiate and renegotiate identities through their continued interactions with their own culture back home, in the host country, in similar diaspora elsewhere, and with the various "new" cultures of the receiving country. This collection focuses on two broad political and social contexts: the established Latino communities in urban settings in North America and newer Latin American communities in Europe and the Middle East. It explores the role of migration/diaspora in transforming linguistic practices, ideologies, and identities.

This book presents the latest developments in crosslinguistic influence (CLI) and multilingualism research. The contributors, both veteran researchers and relative newcomers to the field, situate their research in current debates in terms of theory and data analysis and they present it in an accessible way. The chapters investigate how and when native and non-native language knowledge is used in language production. They focus on lexis, syntax, tense-aspect, phonology of multilingual production and link it to a range of concepts such as redundancy, affordances, metalinguistic awareness and L2 status. The empirical data have been collected from participants with a wide combination of languages: besides English, German, French and Spanish, there is Finnish, Swedish, Polish, Chinese and Catalan.

Dieses Buch gibt eine Einführung in das sonderpädagogische Fachgebiet der Unterstützten Kommunikation. Unterstützte Kommunikation zielt darauf, nichtsprechenden Menschen möglichst effektive Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten zur Verfügung zu stellen. Zu diesem Zweck werden Hilfsmittel, Techniken und Strategien entwickelt, die Lautsprache ergänzen oder ersetzen können. Im empirischen Teil der Arbeit wird ein Beitrag zur Bewertung moderner elektronischer Kommunikationshilfen geleistet. Die gesprächsanalytisch orientierte Studie untersucht ein Videomaterial von insgesamt 240 Minuten 1:1-Interaktionen zwischen nichtsprechenden Menschen und ihren natürlichsprechenden Partnern/Partnerinnen. Die Auswirkungen des Einsatzes von Sprachcomputern im Vergleich zu Kommunikationstafeln auf die Gesprächssituation werden analysiert.

Taking a critical approach that considers the role of power, and resistance to power, in teachers' affective lives, Sarah Benesch examines the relationship between English language teaching and emotions in postsecondary classrooms. The exploration takes into account implicit feeling rules that may drive institutional expectations of teacher performance and affect teachers' responses to and decisions about pedagogical matters. Based on interviews with postsecondary English language teachers, the book analyzes ways in which they negotiate tension-theorized as emotion labor-between feeling rules and teachers' professional training and/or experience, in particularly challenging areas of teaching: high-stakes literacy testing; responding to student writing; plagiarism; and attendance. Discussion of this rich interview data offers an expanded and nuanced understanding of English language teaching, one positing teachers' emotion labor as a framework for theorizing emotions critically and as a tool of teacher agency and resistance.

Taking a critical approach that considers the role of power, and resistance to power, in teachers' affective lives, Sarah Benesch examines the relationship between English language teaching and emotions in postsecondary classrooms. The exploration takes into account implicit feeling rules that may drive institutional expectations of teacher performance and affect teachers' responses to and decisions about pedagogical matters. Based on interviews with postsecondary English language teachers, the book analyzes ways in which they negotiate tension-theorized as emotion labor-between feeling rules and teachers' professional training and/or experience, in particularly challenging areas of teaching: high-stakes literacy testing; responding to student writing; plagiarism; and attendance. Discussion of this rich interview data offers an expanded and nuanced understanding of English language teaching, one positing teachers' emotion labor as a framework for theorizing emotions critically and as a tool of teacher agency and resistance.