Large and medium sized retailers have increased their international operations substantially over the last 25 years. This is evident in: the number of countries to which these retailers expand; the growing international sales of retailers; and the heightening of the level of commitment of retailers to their international activity - a trend that is likely to continue over the next decade as general globalization in the service industries increases. The managerial implications of the moves to become global are considerable. Different retailers are pursuing different approaches, to varying degrees of success and are no longer simply multi-national, but are also multi-continental. Consequently, existing concepts and theories of international business fit uneasily in explanations of international retailing, so new corporate strategies need to be explored. Featuring in-depth studies of seven retailers, by international scholars from Japan, the UK and Sweden, Global Strategies in Retailing explores recent developments in strategy that are related to international retailing and in particular, the emergence of a Global Portfolio Strategy. As such, this book will be important reading for all international business and retailing students and academics researching in these areas.

Routledge Library Editions: Retailing and Distribution brings together as one set, or individual volumes, groundbreaking retail studies from the field of human geography. Encompassing town and retail planning, marketing geography, the development of shopping centres and the rise of consumerism, this set is an opportunity to purchase previously out-of-print classics from a variety of academic imprints such as Croom Helm and Methuen.

This provocative and candid book goes behind the scenes to reveal the secret of success behind a number of leading UK retailers. It includes in-depth case studies on John Lewis, Selfridges, Carphone Warehouse, Odd bins, Topshop, B&Q and HMV and unique insight from a number of top retail analysts and commentators. It challenges conventional wisdom and makes the case that what the retailer stands for (the brand) is more important than what is sold (the merchandise). Targeted at anyone involved, or simply interested, in retail selling, this important book will help you become a better, smarter retailer in an increasingly competitive and changing world. It will give you the perspective and the retail branding tools to make a difference, whatever your level.

Develop a winning customer experience in the digital world Luxury consumers are changing - they come from all over the world, they are young and they are digital natives. How can luxury brands that have built themselves as pure physical players adapt their business model and practices to address their expectations without abandoning their luxury DNA? Luxury Retail and Digital Management, 2nd Edition sets focus on the major retailing challenges and customer evolutions luxury brands are facing today: the digitalisation and the emergence of the millennials and Chinese luxury consumers. These major changes have been affecting the distribution and communication channels of luxury brands; they now have to think simultaneously physical stores and e-commerce, global marketing and digital marketing. - Defines all the tools that are necessary to manage luxury stores including analysis of location and design concept - Explores the selection, training and motivation of the staff - Covers everything executives, managers and retail staff need to know in order to enter, expand, understand and succeed in the world of luxury retail Written by luxury retail experts Michel Chevalier and Michel Gutsatz, who lend their solid academic credentials and professional expertise to the subject, Luxury Retail and Digital Management, 2nd Edition provides deep insight into the main challenges that luxury brands are facing in this digital age.

The rise of hard discounters like Aldi and Lidl has been monumental. Explore the very real threat they pose to traditional retailers and brand manufacturers and what you can learn from their growth. Hard discounters are stores that sell a limited selection of consumer-packaged goods and perishables - typically fewer than 2,000 Stock Keeping Units - for prices that are usually 50-60% lower than national brands. The best-known hard discounters are Aldi and Lidl, but global brands include Trader Joe's, EuroSpin, Biedronka, Netto and Leader Price. Their rise has been monumental; they have irrevocably changed the face of retail in Europe and Australia and are making steady inroads into the US. Retail Disruptors is the first book that explores this upheaval, providing expert insight into the business models of the leading hard discounters, and what mainstream retailers and brand manufacturers can do to remain competitive in the face of disruption. Meticulously researched by two of the leading authorities in retail strategy, private labels, branding, and hard discounting, Retail Disruptors is essential reading for all brand manufacturers and retailers who want to retain the competitive edge.

The study of consumption and its relationship to cultural and social values has become a vibrant and important field in recent years. Hitherto however, relatively few detailed and full length works on this topic have been published. In what will become a seminal volume, this book examines retail selling in various historical contexts and locations, as both an activity at once 'mundane' and almost universal. The book introduces the reader to the existing literature relevant to the subject; and explores the widespread perceptions of moral ambiguity surrounding the practice of selling consumer goods - ranging from concerns about the adulteration of goods, to fears about sharp practice on the part of retailers - and places such concerns in the context of wider societal values and ideas. The ambivalence towards retail selling and sellers is also a central focus of the collection, focussing on the attempts by retailers to develop selling techniques and successful practices of salesmanship, and at the same time establish widely-shared understandings of 'good' retailing. The book also delves into the more dubious practices of retail selling, including practices on the margin of legality, the issue of credit and changing attitudes towards debt. Uniquely the book examines how sales techniques relate to the wider context of a whole shopping 'experience' or shopping environment. Taken as a whole, this volume will provide a first port of call for students, researchers and others interested in exploring consumer cultures, and the cultural norms and practices involved in the sale of consumer goods in various historical periods and geographical contexts.

This work investigates the current state of selling, whether groceries, politicians, information or motorcars. Like no other phenomenon, "retailization" reflects the complexity and ubiquity of information flows, processes and convergence of media in the wired world. The authors explore the all-pervasive nature of the retail experience in the physical world, the virtual world - and in the peripheral spaces between the two. Companies interviewed include Asda, MOMA, The Tate Modern, Walmart, Sony, Habitat, Manchester United and Volkswagen; individuals include Naomi Klein, Tom Dixon, Benjamin Barber, Professor Bill Mitchell (Dean of Architecture at MIT), architects Jon Jerde, Rem Koolhas and Ben Van Berkel, and David Peek, psychologist behind the Bluewater shopping mall.

In recent years, the environmental, social and economic concerns regarding laissez-faire retail decentralization policies have resulted in an emergence of a global trend towards the provision of wider choices of good quality public transport modes in suburban areas. Existing research on transport choices to shopping areas simply looks at travel time, travel cost or distance as a measure of the 'deterrence' of getting to a retail outlet and has concentrated on the attributes of the retail outlets, thus neglecting the transport attributes. Based on a substantial study incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research, this engaging volume takes a more balanced view of both retail outlet and transport attributes. It employs a multi-method, sequential design to examine the many dimensions salient to how people evaluate transport options for shopping purposes and unravels many important issues in transport mode and retail destination choices.

A study of retroscapes, commercial environments that evoke past times and places, a ubiquitous manifestation of modern marketing. It covers an array of retailing milieux, in a number of different countries, at a variety of spatial scales, and from various evaluative perspectives, both pro and con.

Retroscapes, commercial environments that evoke past times and places, are a ubiquitous manifestation of modern marketing. They come in various shapes and forms, from theme restaurants and flagship stores (Planet Hollywood, Niketown) to festival malls and new urbanist communities (Faneuil Hall, Disney's Celebration). This engaging work is the first book devoted exclusively to the subject. Time, Space, and the Market covers a diverse array of retailing milieux, in a number of different countries, at a variety of spatial scales, and from various evaluative perspectives, both pro and con. The contributors are all well known expert commentators, and the editors have published extensively on retromarketing and servicescapes respectively. Together they offer a unique take on a subject with which everyone can identify.

The Complete Tradesman redresses the relative paucity of studies on the history of retailing before 1800. Based upon extensive research into diverse trade sources, Cox takes issue with the surprisingly resilient stereotype of the 'dull' and 'out of date' shopkeeper in the early modern period, showing that the retailing sector was well adapted to the social and economic needs of the day and quick to exploit new opportunities. Chapters cover not only distribution, shop design, customer relations and networks between tradesmen, but also attitudes to retailing, official controls, and the response to novelty. By throwing light on subjects hitherto overlooked and challenging existing whiggish preoccupations with progress towards modern retailing systems, this study signals a new approach to the history of retailing. The focus is placed on assessing how far tradesmen, especially shopkeepers, satisfied and stimulated contemporary desires for consumer goods.

'Hospitality Retail Management' provides students and managers with a practical guide to managing units in hospitality retail organizations.
Customers rely on a particular chain of hotels, restaurants or pubs to provide the same level of service and environment across the board. This standardised service provides the customer with the security of knowing what to expect from that particular organisation. However, this standardisation allows little room for creativity for individual managers to respond to the particular needs of their local market. There is a growing realisation that there is greater profitability if the chain can offer both standardised services across all its retail operations while at the same time allowing local managers the freedom to interpret the needs of its local market as they see fit.
'Hospitality Retail Management' shows managers and students how competitive advantage can be gained by adopting management techniques which are both 'tight and loose', and demonstrates how you can manage businesses with well-defined objectives while also allowing local managers to interpret their local market as they see fit.
Conrad Lashley has done extensive consultancy with companies such as McDonalds and uses case studies from these companies to reiterate key issues throughout the text.
Forms the basis of a complete course in unit management development
Provides an overview of the range of skills needed for effective unit management
Includes extensive examples of best practice from world-wide companies and a substantial integrated case study

The modernist bookshop, best exemplified by Sylvia Beach's Shakespeare & Co. and Harold Monro's Poetry Bookshop, has received scant attention outside these more prominent examples. This writing will review how bookshops like David Archer's on Parton Street (London) in the 1930s were sites of distribution, publication, and networking. Parton Street, which also housed Lawrence & Wishart publishers and a briefly vibrant literary scene, will be approached from several contexts as a way of situating the modernist bookshop within both the book trade and the literary communities which it interacted with and made possible.

In the twentieth century, cumulative millions of readers received books by mail from clubs like the Book-of-the-Month Club, the Book Society or Bertelsmann Club. This Element offers an introduction to book clubs as a distribution channel and cultural phenomenon, and shows that book clubs and book commerce are linked inextricably. It argues that a global perspective is necessary to understand the cultural and economic impact of book clubs in the twentieth and into the twenty-first century. It also explores central reasons for book club membership, condensing them into four succinct categories: convenience, community, concession and, most importantly, curation. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Retail has been considered national, or even local in character. In the 1990s a different environment emerged. The increasing dominance of distribution channels by large retailers, the emergence of global regional trading areas such as the single European market, and the convergence of international consumer tastes have led to a shift in perspectives. The large retail enterprise which does not think on an international basis faces marginalization by those competitors who are building international operations. This work brings together management researchers in the areas of international retailing. They offer an insight into the mechanisms which are driving forward the internationalization of retailing.

As the largest private employer in the world, Walmart dominates media and academic debate about the global expansion of transnational retail corporations and the working conditions in retail operations and across the supply chain. Yet far from being a monolithic force conquering the world, Walmart must confront and adapt to diverse policies and practices pertaining to regulation, economy, history, union organization, preexisting labor cultures, and civil society in every country into which it enters. This transnational aspect of the Walmart story, including the diversity and flexibility of its strategies and practices outside the United States, is mostly unreported. Walmart in the Global South presents empirical case studies of Walmart’s labor practices and supply chain operations in a number of countries, including Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Nicaragua, Mexico, South Africa, and Thailand. It assesses the similarities and differences in Walmart’s acceptance into varying national contexts, which reveals when and how state regulation and politics have served to redirect company practice and to what effect. Regulatory context, state politics, trade unions, local cultures, and global labor solidarity emerge as vectors with very different force around the world. The volume’s contributors show how and why foreign workers have successfully, though not uniformly, driven changes in Walmart’s corporate culture. This makes Walmart in the Global South a practical guide for organizations that promote social justice and engage in worker struggles, including unions, worker centers, and other nonprofit entities.

India is in the midst of a retail boom. The sector witnessed significant transformation in the past decade - from small unorganised family-owned retail formats to organised retailing. Indian business houses and manufacturers are setting up retail formats while real estate companies and venture capitalist are investing in retail infrastructure. Many international brands have entered the market. With the growth in organised retailing, unorganised retailers are fast changing their business models. However, retailing is one of the few sectors where foreign direct investment (FDI) is not allowed at present. Stakeholders, trading associations, politicians, etc. have given various arguments for and against FDI in retailing. However, such arguments are largely based on perception and there has not been serious academic research in this area. To fill this lacuna, this survey-based study analyses the current retail scenario in India, investigates the growth across different segments of retailing and evaluates the likely impact of allowing FDI on various stakeholders in different retail segments. Experiences of other countries in allowing FDI and its impact are also discussed. Presently, foreign players are entering the market through different routes. The entry process and their perception about the Indian market are analysed. The study investigates the structural, regulatory, fiscal and other barriers affecting the performance of retail trade and suggests reforms for the removal of such barriers. It also provides valuable policy inputs in terms of the time-frame in and the process through which the Indian government can open up this sector to FDI so as to maximise the welfare and minimise the adjustment. It also lists the conditions that may be imposed on foreign retailers if FDI is allowed.

The award-winning retail handbook, The Future of Shopping: Where Everyone is a Retailer (2018 Management Book of the Year) is back in a new, updated edition. Since it was first published, we have experienced a pandemic, a digitisation race, and the bankruptcy of numerous iconic shops. This one crisis year has meant more turnaround for the trade sector than an entire decade. This book addresses a new perspective on globalisation, and the pressing questions of what brands and merchants must do to survive in this new retail landscape.

This book, which is a mixture of fact, anecdote and quotation, describes the author's meandering exploration of some of the best of England's provincial second-hand bookshops, from Newcastle-upon-Tyne to the Isles of Scilly. Judged by the contents of the author's bookshelves, he has a strong but highly selective interest in sport, with rugby union, cricket and bowls foremost, and the odd place allowed to football and golf. There are biographies and autobiographies from Bernard Shaw to Alan Ross; a dozen volumes by W H Hudson, greatest of naturalists; travels with Henry James and Paul Theroux and Edwin Muir; books on cinema Westerns; essays by Ford Madox Ford and Edward Thomas; a novel or two; and a little poetry. The bulk of these books, as you may notice, are dependent, to a greater or lesser extent, on fact, suggesting, correctly, that their owner is a journalist.

In recent years, luxury goods markets have faced significant changes that have influenced both the dynamics of the competition, as well as their strategies. The principal changes include the following: new geographical market development, such as in the Far East, India, and some parts of Africa (these countries are added to a list of already relevant countries that are involved in luxury goods consumption, such as the Emirates, Russia, and South America); diffusion of new media and new technologies in communication, which is characterized by a high degree of interaction; the evolution of distribution channels is underway - these channels are moving towards new forms of integration that utilize both physical digital channels. This has forced firms to revise their strategies and implement multichannel marketing strategies to continue to operate in increasingly international markets that are characterized by increasingly more demanding and informed consumers. This book will enable readers to gain a clear insight into how the luxury goods market operates and amongst other things, focuses on: recent internet and social media strategies adopted by luxury companies and their brands; how luxury companies manage their communication and distribution channels to compete in the market and the impact of digital marketing on their competition; the main models of direct and indirect distribution in the digital channels; how consumers react to multichannel strategies; trends, social commerce and CSR and how luxury companies react; identifying the different social media strategies for luxury companies.

Few retailers understand how to adapt to the different needs and backgrounds of international travellers. Harness the burgeoning levels of tourism and learn everything you need to get travellers engaged with your business and spending money, with insight from LVMH, Harrods, CHANEL and more. The modern traveller is an enigma. These potential customers, young and old, are in search of memorable experiences, just as much as physical products. They want to make their trip unforgettable, while minimizing their impact on the environment. Leading Travel and Tourism Retail is an invaluable guide for any retail professional who wants to benefit from the increasing number of travellers who are venturing abroad ready to spend money, on everything from luxury goods and souvenirs to cultural activities and experiences. Engaging and accessible, it covers everything from creating a business plan and analyzing the competition, to product considerations and the role of technology and data, offering a glimpse behind the inner workings of some of the best-known brands in the world. Delivering invaluable insight through fascinating interviews from high-profile professionals including Group President of LVMH Retail, CEO of Harrods, and President of CHANEL foundation, this is a must-have handbook for achieving retail success in the continually evolving, multifaceted world of travel and tourism. FULL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS: - Jacques Stern, CEO of Global Blue Tax Refund - Stephen Bebis, former CEO of Brookstone Gadget Stores - Andrea d'Avack, former President of Chanel Perfumes & Cosmetics worldwide - Christine Comaford, founder of Smart Tribes Institute - Frances O'Grady, Secretary General of the Trade Union Congress, UK - Desiree Bollier, Chair & Chief Merchant of Value Retail, creator and operator of The Bicester Village Shopping Collection - Taylor Safford, President & CEO of Pier 39 entertainment & shopping complex, San Francisco - Craig Robins, Founder & Owner of the Miami Design District Development, Florida - Louis de Bourgoing, former International Chairman of WH Smith - Dan Cockerell, Former Vice President of Disney's Magic Kingdom - Michael Ward, Managing Director of Harrods, London - Malik Fernando, Director of Dilmah Tea & Luxury Resorts, Sri Lanka - Tine Willumsen, Founder of The Diversity Council, Denmark - Jonathan Chippendale, CEO of Holition Technologies & Former Managing Director of De Beers Diamonds (Middle East) - Paul Samuels, Executive Vice President & Hugo Brady, Vice President of AEG Entertainment Group - Ravi Thakran, Group Chairman of LVMH Asia - Jason Holt CBE, Chairman of the Apprenticeship Ambassador Network, UK Department of Education - Ben Zifkin, Founder & President of Hubba.com, NY - Lesley Batchelor OBE, Director General of the Institute of Export & International Trade

In Retail and Social Change Steven Miles, presents a cross-disciplinary analysis of the evolution of retail and how in both its material and virtual guises it has come to reframe our relationship with the social world. Retail has become increasingly influential in homogenising the urban experience. And yet in reacting to trends in virtual consumption retailers are also becoming more and more conscious of the need to engage with consumers in more sophisticated ways. Retail and Social Change will interest students and scholars in geography, cultural studies, sociology, marketing and business studies interested in how and why retail pervades both our physical and emotional lives in increasingly unexpected ways. It will provide a lively, comparative and thought-provoking contribution that interrogates the implications of retail change, for what it means to be a citizen of a consumer society in the twenty-first century.

In Future Luxe: What's Ahead for the Business of Luxury, Erwan Rambourg identifies the major forces and emerging trends that are set to reshape luxury over the next decade. The expansion of Chinese consumption and the boost in women's spending power around the world will fuel continued growth in the industry-but even more importantly, fundamental changes are on the horizon. The younger generation is entering the luxury market, bringing new values and demands that will redefine the very meaning of luxury. The sector should expand in the realms of travel, health, leisure, even cannabis. For brands to resonate with these younger consumers they will have to develop substance beyond a high-quality product or a desirable logo. Greenwashing won't cut it-brands will need to take seriously issues like diversity, sustainability, and ethical production. To ensure his portrait of the industry has the depth and nuance of real-world experience, Rambourg interviews several CEOs from the largest groups and brands, including Kering, Cartier, Puma, and Moncler, in addition to drawing on his own observations from over two decades in luxury. Future Luxe is engaging, wise, and deeply informed, a vital read for those new to the industry as well as veterans planning for continued success.

The Covid-19 pandemic has dramatically changed retailing, creating an uncertain scenario that has forced marketers, retailers, and policy makers to face new challenges to survive and thrive. These challenges affect all aspects of retailing, from supply chain management to consumers' shopping experience, and from buying decisions to improving health and safety management for all stakeholders. A lot has been to do about the negative consequences of the pandemic on sales, mainly for traditional bricks-and-mortar retailers and small-scale independent shops. However, quite some retailers have demonstrated a remarkable agility in developing and applying new tools, frameworks, and approaches to secure their longevity, while also safeguarding employees' and consumers' safety. Retail In A New World: Recovering From The Pandemic That Changed The World provides an overview and assessment of the issues and opportunities for retailers that emerged during the Covid-19 pandemic. The book encourages readers to adopt future-facing, fresh approaches to retail management. The basis for guiding readers in this endeavour consists of a thorough synthesises of emerging studies on the dramatic consequences of Covid-19 pandemic, in an accessible way. Seeking to understand how retailers can adapt their strategies, this book presents empirical and theoretical contributions with case studies that illustrate innovative and provocative solutions. Retail In A New World proposes tools and frameworks that serve as basis to survive the pandemic and thrive in a post-pandemic scenario. New practices are introduced to ensure a safer shopping experience, including reducing consumers' anxiety about in-person purchases, more efficient management of crowds in the stores, and adopting new technologies and service scripts to support the change.

In an age of self service stores, saturated markets and ever more demanding customers, the careful and science driven design of the point of sale has become a crucial success factor for both retailers and service businesses. In this second edition, the interested reader will find a variety of hands on suggestions on how to optimize the design of retail stores, including new 'design recipes' in Chapter 7, and service environments to increase customer satisfaction and sales. While the focus is on the practical applicability of the concepts discussed, the book is nevertheless firmly grounded in consumer and psychological research. In this respect it is uniquely positioned vis a vis books written by artists, architects, and interior designers which lack a solid research foundation and academic journal articles, which are often inaccessible to the educated yet non specialized reader. In writing this book, the author draws on both the recent research literature and his own experience as a marketing consultant and consumer researcher. The intended audiences are marketing managers, small business owners, and MBA students. Topics covered in the book include: goals and relevance of store design; design tips derived from environmental psychology; cognitive and affective approaches to store design and visual merchandising; use of ambient factors such as music, colors and scents; creation of emotional experiences and theming.