The book allows the reader to have a basic understanding of the structure and properties of nanoscale materials routinely used in nanotechnology-based research and industries. To add, the book describes the operation of nanoscale transistors and the processes used to fabricate the devices. Additionally, it presents research involving the use of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and molecules to create non-silicon based electronic devices. It aims to provide an understanding of the operation of the most frequently used fabrication and characterization procedures, such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, etch, e-beam lithography, and photolithography. Provides explanations of the common techniques used in nanofabrication. Focuses on nanomaterials that are almost exclusively used in academic research and incorporated in consumer materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, and conductive polymers. Each chapter begins with a list of key objectives describing major content covered. Includes end-of-chapter questions to reinforce chapter content.

Recently developed organic photovoltaics (OPVs) show distinct advantages over their inorganic counterparts due to their lighter weight, flexible shape, versatile materials synthesis and device fabrication schemes, and low cost in large-scale industrial production. Although many books currently exist on general concepts of PV and inorganic PV materials and devices, few are available that offer a comprehensive overview of recently fast developing organic and polymeric PV materials and devices.

Organic Photovoltaics: Mechanisms, Materials, and Devices fills this gap. The book provides an international perspective on the latest research in this rapidly expanding field with contributions from top experts around the world. It presents a unified approach comprising three sections: General Overviews; Mechanisms and Modeling; and Materials and Devices. Discussions include sunlight capture, exciton diffusion and dissociation, interface properties, charge recombination and migration, and a variety of currently developing OPV materials/devices. The book also includes two forewords: one by Nobel Laureate Dr. Alan J. Heeger, and the other by Drs. Aloysius Hepp and Sheila Bailey of NASA Glenn Research Center.

Organic Photovoltaics equips students, researchers, and engineers with knowledge of the mechanisms, materials, devices, and applications of OPVs necessary to develop cheaper, lighter, and cleaner renewable energy throughout the coming decades.

This unique resource explains the fundamental physics of semiconductor nanolasers, and provides detailed insights into their design, fabrication, characterization, and applications. Topics covered range from the theoretical treatment of the underlying physics of nanoscale phenomena, such as temperature dependent quantum effects and active medium selection, to practical design aspects, including the multi-physics cavity design that extends beyond pure electromagnetic consideration, thermal management and performance optimization, and nanoscale device fabrication and characterization techniques. The authors also discuss technological applications of semiconductor nanolasers in areas such as photonic integrated circuits and sensing. Providing a comprehensive overview of the field, detailed design and analysis procedures, a thorough investigation of important applications, and insights into future trends, this is essential reading for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in optoelectronics, applied photonics, physics, nanotechnology, and materials science.

This monograph is intended to cover several major applications of pattern recognition. After a brief introduction to pattern recognition in Chapter 1, the two major approaches, statistical approach and syntactic approach, are reviewed in Chapter 2, and 3, respectively. Other topics include the application of pattern recognition to seismic wave interpretation, to system reliability problems, to medical data analysis, as well as character and speech recognition.

The use of MATLAB is ubiquitous in the scientific and engineering communities today, and justifiably so. Simple programming, rich graphic facilities, built-in functions, and extensive toolboxes offer users the power and flexibility they need to solve the complex analytical problems inherent in modern technologies. The ability to use MATLAB effectively has become practically a prerequisite to success for engineering professionals. Like its best-selling predecessor, Electronics and Circuit Analysis Using MATLAB, Second Edition helps build that proficiency. It provides an easy, practical introduction to MATLAB and clearly demonstrates its use in solving a wide range of electronics and circuit analysis problems. This edition reflects recent MATLAB enhancements, includes new material, and provides even more examples and exercises. New in the Second Edition: -Thorough revisions to the first three chapters that incorporate additional MATLAB functions and bring the material up to date with recent changes to MATLAB -A new chapter on electronic data analysis -Many more exercises and solved examples -New sections added to the chapters on two-port networks, Fourier analysis, and semiconductor physics -MATLAB m-files available for download Whether you are a student or professional engineer or technician, Electronics and Circuit Analysis Using MATLAB, Second Edition will serve you well. It offers not only an outstanding introduction to MATLAB, but also forms a guide to using MATLAB for your specific purposes: to explore the characteristics of semiconductor devices and to design and analyze electrical and electronic circuits and systems.

The book offers unique insight into the modern world of wireless communication that included 5G generation, implementation in Internet of Things (IoT), and emerging biomedical applications. To meet different design requirements, gaining perspective on systems is important. Written by international experts in industry and academia, the intended audience is practicing engineers with some electronics background. It presents the latest research and practices in wireless communication, as industry prepares for the next evolution towards a trillion interconnected devices. The text further explains how modern RF wireless systems may handle such a large number of wireless devices. Covers modern wireless technologies (5G, IoT), and emerging biomedical applications Discusses novel RF systems, CMOS low power circuit implementation, antennae arrays, circuits for medical imaging, and many other emerging technologies in wireless co-space. Written by a mixture of top industrial experts and key academic professors.

Power Converter Circuits reveals all key components of rectification, inversion, cycloconversion, and conversion circuits It describes switching, voltage, and current relationships, as well as converter properties, operation, control, and performance as utilized in most practical applications. Authored jointly by a veteran scholar and an accomplished researcher in the field, the book highlights methods grounded in classical mathematics and includes an abundance of worked numerical examples. Authoritatively covers AC to DC, DC to AC, AC to AC, and DC to DC converters in a single volume. Features hundreds of chapter-specific problems, with solutions provided separately at the end of the book.

Covers all your testing and inspection needs to help you pass your exams on City & Guilds 2391 and EAL 600/4338/6 and 600/4340/4 and Part P courses. Entirely up to date with the 18th Edition IET Wiring Regulations Step-by-step descriptions and photographs of the tests show exactly how to carry them out Completion of inspection and test certification and periodic reporting Fault finding techniques Testing 3 phase and single phase motors Supporting video footage of the tests contained in this book are available on the companion website This book covers everything you need to learn about inspection and testing, with clear reference to the latest updates to the legal requirements and wiring regulations. It answers all of your questions on the basics of inspection and testing, using clear and easy to remember language, along with sample questions and scenarios as they will be encountered in the exams. Christopher Kitcher tells you what tests are needed and describes them in a step-by-step manner with the help of colour photographs and the accompanying website. All of the theory required for passing the inspecting and testing element of all electrical installation qualifications along with the AM2, City & Guilds 2391 certificate and the EAL 600/4338/6 and 600/4340/4 qualifications is contained within this easy-to-follow guide - along with some top tips to help you pass the exam itself. With a strong focus on the practical element of inspection and testing for NVQs or apprenticeships, this is also an ideal reference tool for experienced electricians and those working in allied industries on domestic and industrial installations. www.routledge.com/cw/kitcher provides a large bank of helpful video demonstrations, multiple choice questions to test your learning, and further supporting materials.

As their name implies, VLSI systems involve the integration of various component systems. While all of these components systems are rooted in semiconductor manufacturing, they involve a broad range of technologies. This volume of the Principles and Applications of Engineering series examines the technologies associated with VLSI systems, including VLSI processes, semiconductor technology, micromachining, microelectronics packaging, compound semiconductor digital ICs, and multichip modules. Highlights include discussions on relatively recent innovations and progress in areas such as SiGE, SiC, and SOI technologies, noise issues, materials, and logic design.

The Principles and Application in Engineering Series is a new series of convenient, economical references sharply focused on particular engineering topics and subspecialties. Each volume in this series comprises chapters carefully selected from CRC's bestselling handbooks, logically organized for optimum convenience, and thoughtfully priced to fit every budget. Extracted from the best-selling VLSI Handbook, VLSI: Analog Circuits and Devices provides a comprehensive resource covering the spectrum of devices and their models. In addition to practical discussions on amplifiers, circuits and filters, and compound semiconductor digital integrated circuit technology, it also includes chapters on design automation, design languages, and algorithms and architectures.

The book presents design methods for analog integrated circuits with improved electrical performance. It describes different equivalent transistor models, design methods, and fabrication considerations for high-density integrated circuits in nanometer CMOS processes, and it analyzes circuit architectures that are suitable for analog building blocks. Highlighting various design challenges, the text offers a complete understanding of architectural- and transistor-level design issues of analog integrated circuits. It examines important trends in the design of high-speed and power-efficient front-end analog circuits that can be used for signal conditioning, filtering, and detection applications. Offers a comprehensive resource for mastering the analysis of analog integrated circuits. Describes circuit-level details of high-speed and power-efficient analog building blocks. Explores design methods based on various MOS transistor models (MOSFET, FinFET). Provides mathematical derivations of all equations and formulas. Emphasizes practical aspects relevant to integrated circuit implementation. Includes open-ended circuit design case studies.

With a focus on designing and verifying CMOS analog integrated circuits, the book reviews design techniques for mixed-signal building blocks, such as Nyquist and oversampling data converters, and circuits for signal generation, synthesis, and recovery. The text details all aspects, from specifications to the final circuit, of the design of digital-to-analog converters, analog-to-digital converters, phase-locked loops, delay-locked loops, high-speed input/output link transceivers, and class D amplifiers. Special emphasis is put on calibration methods that can be used to compensate circuit errors due to device mismatches and semiconductor process variations. Gives an overview of data converters, phase- and delay-locked loop architectures, highlighting basic operation and design trade-offs. Focus on circuit analysis methods useful to meet requirements for a high-speed and power-efficient operation. Outlines design challenges of analog integrated circuits using state-of-the-art CMOS processes. Presents design methodologies to optimize circuit performance on both transistor and architectural levels. Includes open-ended circuit design case studies.

Although the subject matter is a well established sub-set of undergraduate solid state physics, the main feature of this book is that it develops the concepts of quantum theory for the solid state from basics to a level beyond broader texts in a single, one-stop sourcebook. It is expected that the student will have acquired an appropriate knowledge of relevant mathematics and will have taken previous introductory courses in quantum mechanics and solid state physics. It applies and develops that knowledge further, to build an understanding of three of the most significant topics in solid state physics, namely semiconductors, magnetism and superconductivity. Additional quantum mechanics techniques, such as the variational method and perturbation theory, which are not usually found in introductory courses, are introduced and applied as required throughout the text, so that the material in the book is then suitable for a stand-alone final year course, covering the necessary physics from a basic to advanced level.

This book is essential reading for anyone studying towards Domestic Installer status with an approval body such as NICEIC, NAPIT or ELECSA, in line with Part P of the Building Regulations, and also serves as a handy pocket guide to best practice for electricians. Although not intended as a DIY manual, non-qualified persons will also find it useful reading. The how-to guide for home wiring to professional standards. Now with more on LED lighting. Essential reading for serious DIY, electrical installation, basic plumbing, heating systems, TV and security alarm installation. Up to date with the 18th Edition of the IET Wiring Regulations.

Although the subject matter is a well established sub-set of undergraduate solid state physics, the main feature of this book is that it develops the concepts of quantum theory for the solid state from basics to a level beyond broader texts in a single, one-stop sourcebook. It is expected that the student will have acquired an appropriate knowledge of relevant mathematics and will have taken previous introductory courses in quantum mechanics and solid state physics. It applies and develops that knowledge further, to build an understanding of three of the most significant topics in solid state physics, namely semiconductors, magnetism and superconductivity. Additional quantum mechanics techniques, such as the variational method and perturbation theory, which are not usually found in introductory courses, are introduced and applied as required throughout the text, so that the material in the book is then suitable for a stand-alone final year course, covering the necessary physics from a basic to advanced level.
Key Features:
* Priced especially for the Undergraduate/Master's student
* A unique book that develops the concepts of quantum theory for the solid state from basics to a level beyond much broader texts in a single-stop sourcebook
* Written specifically for a course in Quantum Theory at Undergraduate/Master's level

Responding to recent developments and a growing VLSI circuit manufacturing market, Technology Computer Aided Design: Simulation for VLSI MOSFET examines advanced MOSFET processes and devices through TCAD numerical simulations. The book provides a balanced summary of TCAD and MOSFET basic concepts, equations, physics, and new technologies related to TCAD and MOSFET. A firm grasp of these concepts allows for the design of better models, thus streamlining the design process, saving time and money. This book places emphasis on the importance of modeling and simulations of VLSI MOS transistors and TCAD software. Providing background concepts involved in the TCAD simulation of MOSFET devices, it presents concepts in a simplified manner, frequently using comparisons to everyday-life experiences. The book then explains concepts in depth, with required mathematics and program code. This book also details the classical semiconductor physics for understanding the principle of operations for VLSI MOS transistors, illustrates recent developments in the area of MOSFET and other electronic devices, and analyzes the evolution of the role of modeling and simulation of MOSFET. It also provides exposure to the two most commercially popular TCAD simulation tools Silvaco and Sentaurus. * Emphasizes the need for TCAD simulation to be included within VLSI design flow for nano-scale integrated circuits * Introduces the advantages of TCAD simulations for device and process technology characterization * Presents the fundamental physics and mathematics incorporated in the TCAD tools * Includes popular commercial TCAD simulation tools (Silvaco and Sentaurus) * Provides characterization of performances of VLSI MOSFETs through TCAD tools * Offers familiarization to compact modeling for VLSI circuit simulation R&D cost and time for electronic product development is drastically reduced by taking advantage of TCAD tools, making it indispensable for modern VLSI device technologies. They provide a means to characterize the MOS transistors and improve the VLSI circuit simulation procedure. The comprehensive information and systematic approach to design, characterization, fabrication, and computation of VLSI MOS transistor through TCAD tools presented in this book provides a thorough foundation for the development of models that simplify the design verification process and make it cost effective.

Despite the growing mainstream importance and unique advantages of autonomic networking-on-chip (ANoC) technology, Autonomic Networking-On-Chip: Bio-Inspired Specification, Development, and Verification is among the first books to evaluate research results on formalizing this emerging NoC paradigm, which was inspired by the human nervous system. The FIRST Book to Assess Research Results, Opportunities, & Trends in "BioChipNets" The third book in the Embedded Multi-Core Systems series from CRC Press, this is an advanced technical guide and reference composed of contributions from prominent researchers in industry and academia around the world. A response to the critical need for a global information exchange and dialogue, it is written for engineers, scientists, practitioners, and other researchers who have a basic understanding of NoC and are now ready to learn how to specify, develop, and verify ANoC using rigorous approaches. Offers Expert Insights Into Technical Topics Including: Bio-inspired NoC How to map applications onto ANoC ANoC for FPGAs and structured ASICs Methods to apply formal methods in ANoC development Ways to formalize languages that enable ANoC Methods to validate and verify techniques for ANoC Use of "self-" processes in ANoC (self-organization, configuration, healing, optimization, protection, etc.) Use of calculi for reasoning about context awareness and programming models in ANoC With illustrative figures to simplify contents and enhance understanding, this resource contains original, peer-reviewed chapters reporting on new developments and opportunities, emerging trends, and open research problems of interest to both the autonomic computing and network-on-chip communities. Coverage includes state-of-the-art ANoC architectures, protocols, technologies, and applications. This volume thoroughly explores the theory behind ANoC to illustrate strategies that enable readers to use formal ANoC methods yet still make sound judgments and allow for reasonable justifications in practice.

An Alternative to Copper-Based Interconnect Technology With an increase in demand for more circuit components on a single chip, there is a growing need for nanoelectronic devices and their interconnects (a physical connecting medium made of thin metal films between several electrical nodes in a semiconducting chip that transmit signals from one point to another without any distortion). Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects explores two new important carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene nanoribbon (GNR), and compares them with that of copper-based interconnects. These nanomaterials show almost 1,000 times more current-carrying capacity and significantly higher mean free path than copper. Due to their remarkable properties, CNT and GNR could soon replace traditional copper interconnects. Dedicated to proving their benefits, this book covers the basic theory of CNT and GNR, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the CNT- and GNR-based VLSI interconnects at nanometric dimensions. Explore the Potential Applications of CNT and Graphene for VLSI Circuits The book starts off with a brief introduction of carbon nanomaterials, discusses the latest research, and details the modeling and analysis of CNT and GNR interconnects. It also describes the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, and structural behavior of these materials. In addition, it chronicles the progression of these fundamental properties, explores possible engineering applications and growth technologies, and considers applications for CNT and GNR apart from their use in VLSI circuits. Comprising eight chapters this text: Covers the basics of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon Discusses the growth and characterization of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon Presents the modeling of CNT and GNR as future VLSI interconnects Examines the applicability of CNT and GNR in terms of several analysis works Addresses the timing and frequency response of the CNT and GNR interconnects Explores the signal integrity analysis for CNT and GNR interconnects Models and analyzes the applicability of CNT and GNR as power interconnects Considers the future scope of CNT and GNR Beneficial to VLSI designers working in this area, Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects provides a complete understanding of carbon-based materials and interconnect technology, and equips the reader with sufficient knowledge about the future scope of research and development for this emerging topic.

A guide for software development of the dynamic security assessment and control of power systems, Structure Preserving Energy Functions in Power Systems: Theory and Applications takes an approach that is more general than previous works on Transient Energy Functions defined using Reduced Network Models. A comprehensive presentation of theory and applications, this book: Describes the analytics of monitoring and predicting dynamic security and emergency control through the illustration of theory and applications of energy functions defined on structure preserving models Covers different facets of dynamic analysis of large bulk power systems such as system stability evaluation, dynamic security assessment, and control, among others Supports illustration of SPEFs using examples and case studies, including descriptions of applications in real-time monitoring, adaptive protection, and emergency control Presents a novel network analogy based on accurate generator models that enables an accurate, yet simplified approach to computing total energy as the aggregate of energy in individual components The book presents analytical tools for online detection of loss of synchronism and suggests adaptive system protection. It covers the design of effective linear damping controllers using FACTS, for damping small oscillations during normal operation to prevent transition to emergency states, and emergency control based on FACTS, to improve first swing stability and also provide rapid damping of nonlinear oscillations that threaten system security during major disturbances. The author includes detection and control algorithms derived from theoretical considerations and illustrated through several examples and case studies on text systems.

The aim of this book is to educate the reader on radiation detectors, from sensor to read-out electronics to application. Relatively new detector materials, such as CdZTe and Cr compensated GaAs, are introduced, along with emerging applications of radiation detectors. This X-ray technology has practical applications in medical, industrial, and security applications. It identifies materials based on their molecular composition, not densities as the traditional transmission equipment does. With chapters written by an international selection of authors from both academia and industry, the book covers a wide range of topics on radiation detectors, which will satisfy the needs of both beginners and experts in the field.

Modeling and Control of Precision Actuators explores new technologies that can ultimately be applied in a myriad of industries. It covers dynamical analysis of precise actuators and strategies of design for various control applications. The book addresses four main schemes: modeling and control of precise actuators; nonlinear control of precise actuators, including sliding mode control and neural network feedback control; fault detection and fault-tolerant control; and advanced air bearing control. It covers application issues in the modeling and control of precise actuators, providing several interesting case studies for more application-oriented readers. Introduces the driving forces behind precise actuators Describes nonlinear dynamics of precise actuators and their mathematical forms, including hysteresis, creep, friction, and force ripples Presents the control strategies for precise actuators based on Preisach model as well as creep dynamics Develops relay feedback techniques for identifying nonlinearities such as friction and force ripples Discusses a MPC approach based on piecewise affine models which emulate the frictional effects in the precise actuator Covers the concepts of air bearing stages with the corresponding control method Provides a set of schemes suitable for fault detection and accommodation control of mechanical systems Emphasizing design theory and control strategies, the book includes simulation and practical examples for each chapter; covers precise actuators such as piezo motors, coil motors, air bearing motors, and linear motors; discusses integration among different technologies; and includes three case studies in real projects. The book concludes by linking design methods and their applications, emphasizing the key issues involved and how to implement the precision motion control tasks in a practical system. It provides a concise and comprehensive source of the state-of-the-art developments and results for modeling and control of precise actuators.

The saturation of design complexity and clock frequencies for single-core processors has resulted in the emergence of multicore architectures as an alternative design paradigm. Nowadays, multicore/multithreaded computing systems are not only a de-facto standard for high-end applications, they are also gaining popularity in the field of embedded computing. The start of the multicore era has altered the concepts relating to almost all of the areas of computer architecture design, including core design, memory management, thread scheduling, application support, inter-processor communication, debugging, and power management. This book gives readers a holistic overview of the field and guides them to further avenues of research by covering the state of the art in this area. It includes contributions from industry as well as academia.

Modern electronic devices rely on ever-greater miniaturization of components, and semiconductor processing is approaching the domain of nanotechnology. Studies of devices in this regime can only be carried out with the most advanced forms of microscopy. Accordingly, Microscopy of Semiconducting Materials focuses on international developments in semiconductor studies carried out by all forms of microscopy. It provides an overview of the latest instrumentation, analysis techniques, and state-of-the-art advances in semiconducting materials science for solid state physicists, chemists, and material scientists.

This is a completely new textbook written to be fully in line with the new BTEC Higher National unit from Edexcel, the 2000 specification Advanced GNVQ unit, BTEC NII and NIII, and A-Level modules. The resulting breadth of coverage makes Microelectronics - Systems and Devices an excellent international student text.The book takes a student-centred approach towards microelectronics, with Test Your Knowledge features to check understanding, and numerous Activities suitable for practicals, homeworks and other assignments. Key facts, formulae and definitions are highlighted to aid revision, and theory is backed up by numerous examples throughout the book. Each chapter ends with a set of problems, which include exam-style questions and multiple-choice questions, with numerical and multi-choice answers provided in the back of the book. In addition, a number of Assignments appear through the book for which answers are provided in a separate lecturer's supplement (free to adopters). The Assignments are ideal for tests or revision homeworks. As well as matching the latest syllabuses, this book covers the latest devices in use in colleges: the 80C31 and PIC families. The material is suitably flexible to provide a core text for colleges using other chips such as the 8051, the 8086/Pentium family and 'classics' such as the Z80 and 6502.Owen Bishop's talent for introducing the world of electronics has long been a proven fact with his Beginner's Guide to Electronics, Understand Electronics and a range of popular circuit construction guides chosen by thousands of students, lecturers and electronics enthusiasts. He is also well known for his college texts such as Understand Technical Mathematics.

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is one of the most prevalent threats to electronic components. In an ESD event, a finite amount of charge is transferred from one object (i.e., human body) to another (i.e., microchip). This process can result in a very high current passing through the microchip within a very short period of time. Thus, more than 35 percent of single-event chip damages can be attributed to ESD events, and designing ESD structures to protect integrated circuits against the ESD stresses is a high priority in the semiconductor industry. Electrostatic Discharge Protection: Advances and Applications delivers timely coverage of component- and system-level ESD protection for semiconductor devices and integrated circuits. Bringing together contributions from internationally respected researchers and engineers with expertise in ESD design, optimization, modeling, simulation, and characterization, this book bridges the gap between theory and practice to offer valuable insight into the state of the art of ESD protection. Amply illustrated with tables, figures, and case studies, the text: Instills a deeper understanding of ESD events and ESD protection design principles Examines vital processes including Si CMOS, Si BCD, Si SOI, and GaN technologies Addresses important aspects pertinent to the modeling and simulation of ESD protection solutions Electrostatic Discharge Protection: Advances and Applications provides a single source for cutting-edge information vital to the research and development of effective, robust ESD protection solutions for semiconductor devices and integrated circuits.