Foods and Dietary Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease in Older Adults focuses on the ways in which food and dietary supplements affect the major health problems of aging adults. Researchers in nutrition, diet, epidemiology, and aging studies, as well as healthcare providers who work with elderly patients will use this comprehensive resource as a tool in their long-term goal of preventing and treating chronic disease within the elderly. This book brings together a broad range of experts working on the different aspects of foods and dietary supplements (vitamins, herbs, plant extracts, etc.) in health promotion and disease prevention. They have contributed chapters which define a range of ways in which foods, nutriceuticals, and dietary supplements prevent disease and promote health in older adults. They begin by reviewing the medicinal role of foods, herbal, and dietary supplements in health promotion in older adults, as well as some of the most commonly used supplements in elder "self-medication." They review the most recent studies of how foods, herbal, and dietary supplements are effective in the prevention and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other obesity associated diseases in older adults. Then they consider alcohol, other drugs, and plant based drugs of abuse which can adversely affect the health of older adults. Lastly, they consider foods and dietary supplements in gene regulation in older adults.

This book presents an up-to-date survey of the current scientific understanding of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, as well as an overview of the most significant changes to the field over the past 30 years. The book defines obesity and realistically assesses its prevalence. It further examines and evaluates the success of traditional cognitive behavioral treatment. This volume is a thorough reference for obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

Biologics and Biosimilars: Drug Discovery and Clinical Applications is a systematic integration and evaluation of all aspects of biologics and biosimilars, encompassing research and development, clinical use, global regulation, and more. Biosimilars are biological therapeutic agents designed to imitate a reference biologic with high similarities in structure, efficacy, and safety, but also with potential clinical effective and cost-efficient options for the manufacturers, payers, clinicians, and patients. Most of the top-selling prescription drugs in the current market are biologics, which have revolutionized the treatment strategies and modalities for life-threatening and/or rare diseases. This book outlines the key processes and challenges in drug development, regulations, and clinical applications of biologics, biosimilars, and even interchangeable biosimilars. Global experts in the field discuss essential categories and prototype drugs of biologics and biosimilars in clinical practice such as allergenics, blood and blood components, cell treatment, gene therapy, recombinant therapeutic proteins or peptides, tissues, and vaccines. Additional features: Integrates the latest bench and bedside evidence of drug development and regulations of biologics and biosimilars Contains key study questions for each chapter to guide the readers, as well as drug charts for all therapeutic applications of biologics and biosimilars Presents detailed schematic illustrations to explain the drug development, clinical trials, regulations, and clinical applications of biologics and biosimilars This book is an invaluable tool for health care professional students, providers, and pharmaceutical and health care industries, as well as the public, providing readers with educational updates about the drug development and clinical affairs of biological medications and their similar drugs.

The field ofneurodegenerative diseases is undergoing an unprecedented revolution. The past decade has seen the identification of new mutation mecha- nisms, such as triplet repeat expansions, and new genes causing familial forms of common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Cellular and animal models based on this genetic information are now available and, importantly, common mechanisms are rapidly emerging among diseases that were once considered unrelated. The field is poised for the development of new therapies based on high throughput screenings and a bet- ter understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration. Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases reviews recent progress in this exploding field. By nature, such a book cannot be all inclu- sive. It focuses on Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and CAG triplet repeat diseases. In the first chapter, Bill Klein reviews the role of A~ toxicity in the patho- physiology of Alzheimer's disease. This controversial issue is further exam- ined in the context of transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease by LaFerla and colleagues. Sue Griffin and Robert Mrak, and Caleb Finch and collabora- tors, then examine the role of glial cells and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease; a review of the role of proteolysis in the generation of abnormal pro- tein fragments by Hook and Mende-Mueller follows. Therapeutic opportuni- ties offered by a better understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology are examined by Perry Molinoff and his colleagues at Bristol-Myers Squibb.

During the last 1500 years, Rome was the inspiration of artists, the coronation stage of German emperors, the distant desire of pilgrims, and the seat of the Roman popes. Yet Rome also lies within the northern range of P. falciparum malaria, the deadliest strain of the disease, against which northern Europeans had no intrinsic or acquired defenses. As a result, Rome lured a countless number of unacclimated transalpine Europeans to their deaths in the period from 500 to 1850 AD. This book examines how Rome's allure to European visitors and its resident malaria species impacted the historical development of Europe. It covers the environmental and biological factors at play and focuses on two of the periods when malaria potentially had the greatest impact on the continent: the heyday of the medieval German Empire and its conflicts with the papacy (c. 800-1300) and the Protestant Reformation (c.1500). Through explorations into the history of religion, empire, disease, and culture, this book tells the story of how the veritable capital of the world became the graveyard of nations.

Insect-transmitted rickettsiales diseases are significant sources of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Their incidence has been increasing in recent years in large part due to climate change and the movement of animals carrying the insect vectors. Currently there are no effective vaccines against diseases caused by members of the order Rickettsiales. Rickettsiales diseases are often misdiagnosed; this book is intended to serve as a tool for their understanding and diagnosis. Rickettsiales covers the seven main genera: Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Midichloria, Neorickettsia, Orientia, Rickettsia and Wolbachia. Discussion of each genus includes immunology and molecular biology of host-pathogen interactions, epidemiology and diagnosis, and vaccination strategies and therapies.

The Hippocratic Epidemics and Galen s Commentary on them constitute milestones in the development of clinical medicine. However, they also illustrate the rich exegetical traditions that existed in the post-classical Greek world. The present volume investigates these texts from various and diverse vantage points: textual criticism; Greek philology; knowledge transfer through translations; and medical history. Especially the Syriac and Arabic traditions of the Epidemics come under scrutiny."

If you had a trillion dollars and a year to spend it for the good of the world and the advancement of science, what would you do? It's an unimaginably large sum, yet it's only around one per cent of world GDP, and about the valuation of Google, Microsoft or Amazon. It's a much smaller sum than the world found to bail out its banks in 2008 or deal with Covid-19. But what could you achieve with $1 trillion? You could solve the problem of the pandemic, for one, and eradicate malaria, and maybe cure all disease. You could end global poverty. You could settle on the Moon and explore the solar system. You could build a massive particle collider to probe the nature of reality like never before. You could build quantum computers, develop artificial intelligence, or increase human lifespan. You could even create a new life form. Or how about transitioning the world to clean energy? Or preserving the rainforests, or saving all endangered species? Maybe you could refreeze the melting Arctic, launch a new sustainable agricultural revolution, and reverse climate change? How to Spend a Trillion Dollars is the ultimate thought experiment but it is also a call to arms: these are all things we could do, if we put our minds to it - and our money.

Roiger and Bullock's unique pedagogical and visual approach helps students make the important connections between systems and learn how the body functions normally in homeostasis, and how disruption of homeostasis leads to disease and disorder. With a straightforward, engaging writing style, the authors explain difficult concepts in the context of routine activities, making concepts easier to grasp. Measurable learning outcomes throughout the textbook, workbook, and digital learning and assessment program help direct students through the content so there are no surprises. Anatomy, Physiology, Disease requires no prior knowledge of chemistry or cell biology, and is designed for an anatomy and physiology course or an anatomy, physiology, and pathology course. It is neither too high nor too low and can be customized to accommodate the organization of individual courses.

This book reviews how mathematical and computational approaches can be useful to help us understand how killer T-cell responses work to fight viral infections. It also demonstrates, in a writing style that exemplifies the point, that such mathematical and computational approaches are most valuable when coupled with experimental work through interdisciplinary collaborations. Designed to be useful to immunoligists and viroligists without extensive computational background, the book covers a broad variety of topics, including both basic immunological questions and the application of these insights to the understanding and treatment of pathogenic human diseases.

Clinical Management of Renal Transplantation presents The Belfast City and University Hospital experience in renal transplantation. Over the years, the Belfast Renal Transplant Unit has acquired considerable experience in all aspects of renal transplantation which have led to excellent results. The team working in the Belfast Renal Transplant Unit has built up an outstanding reputation which has become widely known. This volume is a comprehensive, practical reference work for senior medical students and nurses as well as for the established nephrologist and transplantation surgeon. It provides a clear and concise picture of the care needed by patients who are being prepared for renal transplantation or who have recently received a kidney transplant.

Note: This is the bound book only and does not include access to the Enhanced Pearson eText. To order the Enhanced Pearson eText packaged with a bound book, use ISBN 0134675444. Speech Science: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Clinical Practice, 4th Edition focuses on the relationship between the scientific study of speech production and perception and the application of the material to the effective evaluation and treatment of communication disorders. Theoretical material is presented first, followed by clinical application chapters highlighting specific disorders. The organization of chapters in the new edition now more closely follows the speech subsystems approach, beginning with basic acoustics, and moving on to the respiratory system, phonatory system, articulatory/resonatory system, auditory system, and nervous system. As in previous editions, the book concludes with information on classic and current models and theories of speech production and perception. New and revised full color illustrations and larger spectrograms supplement the concepts presented by clearly depicting scientific and anatomical material and ensuring understanding of the links between the underlying science and human communicative behavior. Improve mastery and retention with the Enhanced Pearson eText* The Enhanced Pearson eText provides a rich, interactive learning environment designed to improve student mastery of content. The Enhanced Pearson eText is: Engaging. The new interactive, multimedia learning features were developed by the authors and other subject-matter experts to deepen and enrich the learning experience. Convenient. Enjoy instant online access from your computer or download the Pearson eText App to read on or offline on your iPad (R) and Android (R) tablet.* Affordable. Experience the advantages of the Enhanced Pearson eText along with all the benefits of print for 40% to 50% less than a print bound book. *The Enhanced eText features are only available in the Pearson eText format. They are not available in third-party eTexts or downloads. *The Pearson eText App is available on Google Play and in the App Store. It requires Android OS 3.1-4, a 7" or 10"

The fields of rare diseases research and orphan products development continue to expand with more products in research and development status. In recent years, the role of the patient advocacy groups has evolved into a research partner with the academic research community and the bio-pharmaceutical industry. Unique approaches to research and development require epidemiological data not previously available to assist in protocol study design and patient recruitment for clinical trials required by regulatory agencies prior to approval for access by patents and practicing physicians.

Syncope represents a multidisciplinary issue in medicine, often involving cardiologists, neurologists, emergency medicine specialists, general practitioners , geriatricians and other clinicians. However, terminology, methodology and guidelines differ making the issue more complex. The Editors of this book present a thorough multidisciplinary review of the topic. Guideline-based, they have assembled a team of key opinion leaders in the study and management of syncope. The first section of the book discusses the scientific basis behind the diagnosis and management of syncope going into detail regarding the pathways leading to syncope symptoms and the pathology behind them. The second section of the book then takes a more practical approach defining the practice of syncope management and including a number of case histories explaining the pearls and pitfalls of the current guidelines.

In this book, the discussion of the normal and pathological aspects of anxiety is critically examined. A chapter on the molecular basis of anxiety is included, outlining the potential of such approach in the discovery of novel effective pharmacological interventions. The face validity, predictability and usefulness of animal models in the design of valid new efficacious products are discussed. Separate chapters dedicated to each particular type of anxiety such as generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic and obsessive-compulive disorder are included. This book should be of benefit to psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, general practitioners, nurses, students and all those engaged in neuropsychiatric research.

Since the cloning of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance re- lator (CFTR) nearly a decade ago, cystic fibrosis (CF) research has witnessed a dramatic expansion into new scientific areas. Basic researchers, clinicians, and patients increasingly rely on fundamental techniques of genetics, molecular biology, electrophysiology, biochemistry, cell biology, microbiology, and immunology to understand the molecular basis of this complex disease. Research into the pathophysiology of CF has established numerous paradigms of ion channel dysfunction that extend from inflammation and infection in the airways of patients to basic mechanisms of protein processing and regulation in intracellular components. With these rapid advances has come an increasing need for research scientists to understand and utilize a growing array of basic laboratory tools. This volume of Methods in Molecular Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Methods and Protocols satisfies that need by providing detailed protocols for the laboratory techniques used throughout CF research. From electrophysiology and cell biology, to animal models and gene therapy, the comprehensive set of methods covered here provide step-by-step instructions needed for investigators to incorporate new approaches into their research programs. Contributions have been chosen to reflect the rich diversity of techniques and to provide a cohesive framework for understanding challenges that are currently at the forefront of CF research. It is hoped that this volume will serve as a valuable reference that will not only foster interdisciplinary investigations into current problems encountered in CF, but also facilitate the translation of new scientific discoveries into clinical solutions.

Rising occurrences of various diseases and epidemics have pressurized the already-burdened health system across the globe, and this imposes an unprecedented challenge on our current research in identifying disease-specific biomarkers and molecular targets, in particular for cancers, neurological disorders and unexplained infertility. Despite decades of efforts in deciphering the fundamental biology underlying various diseases at discrete levels using an array of advanced technologies, attempts to identify reliable and disease-indicating markers for detection and biomolecules or cellular structures for targeting are still in vain. This monograph describes and discusses the updated findings in this field with a specific aim to compile prior and recent literature and from there to acquire some insights to facilitate future research to expand options of understanding, detecting and treating diseases. Among the many possible areas of biomedical research, this content comprises two themes: disease biomarkers and molecular targets. The book also covers topics that are more advanced in development to emerging scientific discoveries. In particular, this monograph includesconcepts on the renovated use of oncofetal molecules in cancer prediction and treatment, the evolving development in cancer biology at the cellular and molecular levels and the recent involvement on new classes of molecules in diseases.Thisbook renews established concepts in the field, and at the same time leads to important insights for research and development of drugs, diagnostics, and interventions for managing diseases of unmet medical needs.

This book, the proceedings of Falk Symposium 133 on Mechanisms of Intestinal Inflammation: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention in IBD', held in Berlin, Germany, on 10-11 June 2003, summarizes present knowledge in the area of unspecific and specific immune reactions in the gut, recording the gaps in our knowledge and, in particular, presenting the possibilities of targeted intervention. The link to inflammatory bowel diseases - Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis - is always in focus. Chapters by an international panel of basic scientists, clinical researchers and clinicians also record the problems which can originate through today's possible modulation of the immune reaction, setting the basis for review of clinical problems. This book is valuable readings for all scientists and physicians, who, from different perspectives, have an interest in research on IBD and in the clinical management of these diseases.

No one expected this journey. Jessica Carmel was born with a severe congenital heart condition. At four days old, her parents learned she would need heart surgery. They had no idea that her future held multiple surgeries and even more unexpected challenges. Fast-forward sixteen years. As Jessica sat in her cardiologist's office for a routine checkup, he told her and her mom that there was nothing more he could do for her. Jessica needed a heart transplant. Three weeks later, Jessica underwent heart transplant surgery. Her recovery was long, but good. Feeling healthier than ever, she went on to graduate high school and college. Soon after her college graduation,however, she began to feel "off." She visited the emergency room for what she thought was severe stomach pain, but it turned out her heart was the real issue. She was admitted to the hospital to relieve fluid, and a couple of days into her stay, a transplant nephrologist informed her she was going to need a kidney transplant. Nearly ten years had passed since Jessica had received her heart transplant, and now she was in desperate need for a kidney. Her only hope to survive was her hero and sister, Amy. Amy came through-right away, she agreed to offer up one of her kidneys. Now, it wasn't enough that Jessica's mom was going to see one daughter off to the operating room, as she had done with Jessica many times before. She would be seeing both her daughters heading into surgery. In The Hearts of a Girl, Jessica shares that story and the story of her many years of struggle to survive and thrive after a long history of challenging surgeries. It's a story that informs and inspires.

Every cell and organism faces the problem of spaces, made up of the two leaflets of the lipid generating a confined space in which metabolic bilayer. The importance of traffic and signaling across membranes is reflected by the estimate and anabolic reactions take place and at the same time allowing entry and exit of metabo that 20% of all genes in the human genome encode membrane proteins. A failure of any of lites, ions, proteins, and signals across its bor der. Evolution has solved the problem by these proteins may have dramatic con se generating lipid membranes that contain trans quences for ceH function. In recent years much porters, ion channels, and receptors. In eukary attention has been paid to diseases resulting otic cells, this problem is exacerbated by the from nonfunctional ion channels ("chan presence of multiple organelles, which are con nelopathies"). Not surprisingly, many of these fined spaces in their own right. Even the lipid diseases affect the excitability of cells. membrane consists of two relatively separate Transporter diseases (perhaps coined "carrier vi PREFACE diseases") are more related to metabolic dis Each chapter is concluded by a summary, and eases, Transporters are frequently found at the most chapters also contain an overview of the beginning or the end of metabolic pathways clinical features of a particular transporter and as a result can have similar effects to disease. a missing enzyme."