Now that Helicobacter pylori is generally accepted as a key aetiological agent in gastric cancer as well as the main agent in peptic ulcer, it can claim to be the most important new discovery in clinical gastroenterology of the last decade, and yet there is no up-to-date book available on the subject that is designed primarily for the clinical gastroenterologist. This book aims to fill that niche. It should also be of interest to the basic scientist, to those providing a clinical laboratory service (microbiologists and histopathologists), and to epidemiologists and others involved in clinical research.

IS CROHN'S DISEASE A MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASE'! The fact that the differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease includes intestinal infections has been a source of much interest and clinical concern for many years. Since the recognition of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease as clinical entities, numerous attempts have been made to identify a specific organism resulting in the clinical and pathologic picture of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The first suggestion about a connection between Johne's disease, a chronic mycobacterial enteritis in cattle, and Crohn' s disease occurred in 1913, when Dalziel described enteritis in humans which, although resembling intestinal tuberculosis, he believed to be a new disorder. Since the work of Crohn in the thirties a few investigators attempted to look for mycobacteria in Crohn's disease. Until now the work of Van Patter, Burnham and others did not receive widespread recognition. In 1984 the isolation of M. paratuberculosis was reported by Chiodini et al. This report initiated the current interest and controversy about a mycobacterial etiology in Crohn's disease. The hypothesis "Crohn's disease is Johne's disease" did not receive widespread recognition, but has lead to the first muIticentered efforts to determine whether or not mycobacteria are associated with Crohn's disease.

This book examines the technologies and processes for the development and commercial production of stem cells according to cGMP guidelines. The initial chapter of the book discusses the therapeutic potentials of stem cells for the treatment of various diseases, including degenerative disorders and genetic diseases. The book then reviews the recent developments in the cultivation of stem cells in bioreactors, including critical cultural parameters, possible bioreactor configuration and integrations of novel technologies in bioprocess developmental stages. The book also introduces microscopic, molecular, and cellular techniques for characterization of stem cells for regulatory approvals. Further, it describes optimal cell transporting conditions to maintain cell viability and properties. Further, it summarizes characterization strategies of clinical grade stem cells for stem cell therapy. This book is an invaluable contribution to having an academic and industrial understanding with respect to R&D and manufacturing of clinical grade stem cells.

In this unique title, the full range of chronic respiratory conditions and their association with psychiatric comorbidities are explored and targeted management options are outlined. Indeed recent studies indicate a far higher prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients afflicted with chronic respiratory conditions than in patients with other chronic disorders. Unlike other publications in the field of pulmonary disease, Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases details this significant correlation. The book is comprehensive in scope, covering such topics as depression and anxiety across the age spectrum, diagnostic tools for anxiety and depression, anxiety and depression in COPD patients, depression and anxiety in adult patients with asthma, and end-stage lung disease and lung transplantation, among others. In this novel work, the volume Editors enlist a team of renowned experts in the fields of respiratory and psychiatric disorders to combine a thorough synthesis of the literature with targeted, practical strategies for management. Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases is an invaluable resource for all clinicians who care for patients with chronic and advanced lung diseases.

This thought-provoking biography of tuberculosis presents medical, historical, and social perspectives on this reemergent threat. Tuberculosis is a complicated medical condition that has a rich and important history, a distinctive social context, and an active and destructive present. The disease appears in Greek literature as early as 460 BCE and was a favorite of 19th-century novelists whose heroines often succumbed to "consumption." Through history, the development of TB diagnosis and treatment has been synonymous with events in the development of medicine. Tuberculosis presents TB from the perspective of the people and events that shaped its past and the factors that influence its current global state. The book begins with an essay discussing the importance of the social factors that influence the transmission and progression of TB. The following eight chapters focus on disease-specific information, historical and biographical perspectives, influence on the arts, the current state of TB in the world, and future directions. Throughout, medical information about the disease is intertwined with a historical and cultural perspective to illustrate the state of the disease today.

Hikikomori, which literally means "withdrawal," is considered an increasingly prevalent form of social isolation in Japanese society. This issue has been attracting worldwide attention for two decades and is now recognized as a problem for the youth as well as for middle-aged and older adults. Based on interviews with people who have experienced it, Teppei Sekimizu explores what the hikikomori experience is like from a sociological perspective. He also examines the characteristics of four decades of hikikomori discourse by governments, professionals, and mass media; the difficulties faced by parents with hikikomori children; and the social policy which has relegated most provision of welfare for citizens to the private sector. Through these examinations, the author illustrates how the exclusive labor market and familial social policies create masses of family-dependent and isolated individuals in contemporary Japan. The Sociology of the Hikikomori Experience leads the reader to understand the manifold hikikomori phenomenon in a wider social context and also to a deeper understanding of Japanese society itself, which has regarded not the government, but corporations, families, and communities responsible for individual well-being.

The liver is of central importance to the entire organism due to its diverse functions in metabolism, its ability to detoxify and excrete, the hepatic formation and inactivation of mediators, and its involvement in non-specific defence mechanisms. Thus, extrahepatic manifestations of liver disease are often decisive for the disease course. In the last few years, knowledge about interaction between the liver and other organs or systems - e.g. kidneys, GI tract, skeleton, endocrine, haematopoietic and nervous sytems - has increased considerably. Thus many extrahepatic manifestations of liver disease can now be better understood and are more accessible to diagnosis and therapy. The IXth International Congress on Liver Diseases brought together experts from around the world to give information on new developments in this field which are important both for research and clinical work. These proceedings will therefore be required reading for all researchers and clinicians dealing with effectsof liver diseases on the entire organism.

The subject of medical entomology contin- factors such as insecticide susceptibility, vec- ues to be of great importance. Arthropodborne tor competence, host preference and similar im- diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue portant phenomena. Now, a variety of new and filariasis continue to cause considerable methods are available to study genes, and to human suffering and death. Problems in ani- genetically alter important characteristics in mal production, wildlife and pets of humans vectors as a potential means of controlling hu- caused by arthropods still exact a large eco- man and animal diseases. nomic toll. In the past 2 decades, the invasion Many of the traditional tasks of medical en- of exotic pests and pathogens has presented tomologists continue to be important. Arthro- new problems in several countries, including pod systematics is important because the need the USA. For example, the year 1999 saw the for accurate identification of arthropods is vital invasion of the eastern USA by Aedes japonicus, to an understanding of natural disease cycles. an Asian mosquito, and West Nile virus, a mos- Systematics has been made even more challeng- quito-transmitted African arbovirus related to ing because of the current appreciation of the St. Louis encephalitis virus. number of groups of sibling species among vec- At the same time old and new health prob- tors of important disease pathogens. New mo- lems with arthropods occur, the traditional ap- lecular tools are assisting in separating these proaches to arthropod control have become forms.

Lipids and Women's Health is an up-to-date critical review of pertinent scientific and clinical issues connected with lipid disorders in women. Topics discussed include the public health significance of cardiovascular disease in women, lipoprotein and lipid metabolism, effects of estrogens and progestins on lipid metabolism, metabolic changes of menopause, and the paradox of obesity, a curable disease that is rarely cured, as well as those conceptual advances in our understanding of diabetes mellitus that have clarified diagnosis and may have improved treatment. The relationship of diet and lipid intake to the development of breast and uterine cancer; dietary and drug treatment of lipid disorders; effects of exercise, smoking, and stress; and repercussions of lipid disorders on the family are explored. The volume should prove of use to gynecologists, internists, family practitioners, and pediatricians, as well as to all other professionals with a major concern for the health of female patients.

In 2011 the world was shocked when the news broke that Joost van der Westhuizen, known for years as the golden boy of South African rugby and a former Springbok captain, had been diagnosed with motor neuron disease (MND).

This rare condition attacks the central nervous system, causing progressive disability. There is no known cure. All who have seen Joost in action will know that he is not one to give up without a fight. His game-changing prowess as a brilliant scrum half is now focused on a battle for survival and, more importantly, on making a difference to the lives of others with the disease. In a race against time, Joost has a dream to fulfil. He says: “In the beginning you go through all the emotions and you ask, ‘Why me?’ It’s quite simple. ‘Why not me?’ If I have to go through this to help future generations, why not me?” His acceptance of his symptoms is equally pragmatic: “One day you can’t move your arm, another day you don’t have speech. Every day you are reborn and you take the day as it comes.”

Glory Game – The Joost van der Westhuizen Story is a compelling narrative of redemption set against the backdrop of an illustrious career in rugby. It is the story of a modern-day warrior forced to face his own human frailty. Joost shows us that beyond ambition, success and fame lies the true wealth of family and friends, and that within a ravaged body the spirit can remain invincible.

This book, Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Enteric Diseases 2, is an out come of the Second International Rushmore Conference on Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Enteric Diseases, held September 3D-October 3, 1998 in Rapid City, South Dakota, USA. Its chapters represent many of the reviews and papers presented at the conference. The meeting was organized by members of the North-Central Regional Research Committee "NC-62," a consortium of researchers of bovine and swine enteric diseases from land-grant institutions supported by the United States Department of Agriculture. The Rushmore Conferences were conceived as a forum for an interdiscipli nary discussion of mechanisms of infectious enteric diseases. It was intended that such a discussion would stimulate cross-pollination of ideas, and nurture synergistic collabora tions among scientists who might otherwise not interact. Enteric diseases are caused by widely divergent pathogens and parasites in broadly different settings, and affect multi ple organ systems. Some enteric diseases affect a single species, while others may affect multiple species, perhaps including human beings. Some enteric diseases were present in antiquity, while others have recently emerged. Knowledge regarding a particular disease or pathogen has frequently proven useful in understanding another disease or pathogen, because common themes in pathogenesis exist. As this knowledge base grows, strategies in the prevention and control of various enteric diseases often converge. Cross-discipli nary discussions and collaborations facilitate growth of this knowledge base, as well as development of tools for disease interdiction."

Multiple sclerosis is the most common neurological cause of debilitation in young people; it affects approximately 85,000 people in the UK, 400,000 people in the US and approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. The disease commonly manifests in the second or third decade of life, and in most cases it leads to progressive disability, which explains its enormous impact on the economy (estimated at around GBP1.4 billion annually). The disease is incurable and the precise causes are still unknown. Part of the Oxford Neurology Library series, this practical pocketbook summarises the latest understanding of what might cause the disease, the methods of diagnosis and assessment, and current management techniques. The book also includes chapters on variants of multiple sclerosis, on childhood-onset disease and future therapies. This pocketbook will serve as an invaluable reference for trainee neurologists, consultants needing rapid access to core facts, interested general practitioners and specialist MS nurses.

Pancreatic Disease: Basic Science and Clinical Management summarises the state of the art in basic science and clinical management of pancreatic disease. This book provides a clear and up-to-date review of the advancing areas in clinical pancreatology and clinical research related to the pancreas. Written by leading experts in the field, this comprehensive review directs the interested reader towards important and current published source material.

Covering all aspects of pancreatic disease, contributions are included from pancreatic surgeons and medical pancreatologists on pancreatic cancer, acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. Special features include a systematic review of the evidence for the use of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer prepared for the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE), the UK body charged with evaluating new drug treatment. Gemcitabine has FDA approval. There are several contributions dealing with the management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.

This book will be useful to gastroenterologists, internists and surgeons, and specialist clinicians with an interest in pancreatic disease. Trainees in medical and surgical pancreatology will find it a companion to supplement standard textbooks.

Critical Care Neurology, Part II: Neurology of Critical Illness focuses on the care specialists and general neurologists that consult in the ICU and their work with patients in acute, life-threatening situations who are dealing with neurologic or neurosurgical crises emanating from either a preexisting neurologic syndrome or from a new neurologic complication appearing as a result of another medical or surgical critical illness. These two separate clinical situations form the pillars of neurocritical care, hence these practices are addressed via two separate, but closely related, HCN volumes. Chapters in both focus on pathophysiology and management, and are tailored for both general neurologists and active neurocritical specialists, with a specific focus on management over diagnostics. Part I addresses the principles of neurocritical care and the management of various neurologic diseases. Part II addresses the interplay between neurologic complications and the surgical, medical, cardiac, and trauma of critical illnesses that most typically present in the ICU.

The authors introduce readers to some common germs that are very likely residing in their bodies. They explain how these infections cause a chronically elevated cortisol level with all its negative effects, eventually leading to the potbelly syndrome. It explains what steps readers can take to protect themselves. The authors also address other causes of high cortisol levels, since these contribute even further to ill health. The book clarifies the cause of hypercortisolism so that readers can do something about it.

This next volume in Research in the Sociology of Health Care covers a variety of important social factors and their relationship to health and health care inequities both in the United States and the rest of the world. The authors of this volume explore issues related to infectious diseases and various chronic health problems. One section focuses on Covid 19 and issues of kidney disease, face masks and social values, pandemic experiences in rural parts of the United States, and in urban India. Other topics that are discussed focus on issues outside the United States such as in Nepal, Ecuador, and broader cross-national comparisons. Several papers focus on health care system issues within the United States including micro hospitals in Texas, evidence-based medicine, and trends in health disparities in the Latina population in the United States. Written from a sociological and broader social science approach, the papers provide important information both about broad trends in the US and other countries and some specific considerations of issues from a social perspective as linked to Covid 19.

Note: This is the bound book only and does not include access to the Enhanced Pearson eText. To order the Enhanced Pearson eText packaged with a bound book, use ISBN 0134675444. Speech Science: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Clinical Practice, 4th Edition focuses on the relationship between the scientific study of speech production and perception and the application of the material to the effective evaluation and treatment of communication disorders. Theoretical material is presented first, followed by clinical application chapters highlighting specific disorders. The organization of chapters in the new edition now more closely follows the speech subsystems approach, beginning with basic acoustics, and moving on to the respiratory system, phonatory system, articulatory/resonatory system, auditory system, and nervous system. As in previous editions, the book concludes with information on classic and current models and theories of speech production and perception. New and revised full color illustrations and larger spectrograms supplement the concepts presented by clearly depicting scientific and anatomical material and ensuring understanding of the links between the underlying science and human communicative behavior. Improve mastery and retention with the Enhanced Pearson eText* The Enhanced Pearson eText provides a rich, interactive learning environment designed to improve student mastery of content. The Enhanced Pearson eText is: Engaging. The new interactive, multimedia learning features were developed by the authors and other subject-matter experts to deepen and enrich the learning experience. Convenient. Enjoy instant online access from your computer or download the Pearson eText App to read on or offline on your iPad (R) and Android (R) tablet.* Affordable. Experience the advantages of the Enhanced Pearson eText along with all the benefits of print for 40% to 50% less than a print bound book. *The Enhanced eText features are only available in the Pearson eText format. They are not available in third-party eTexts or downloads. *The Pearson eText App is available on Google Play and in the App Store. It requires Android OS 3.1-4, a 7" or 10"