Economists have often been accused of failing to take full account of culture and social norms in their explanations of human behaviour. Cultural factors are playing an increasingly important role in economic theorizing and are achieving greater recognition as determinants of economic performance. As such these volumes will be a landmark and will provide easy access to the most important articles in this expanding field. The first volume focuses on modelling the social and cultural aspects of an individual's behaviour. In the second volume this theme develops to consider cooperation in the economic system and the role of culture in supporting this system. The articles in these volumes explore a diverse range of issues including: * the differences in achievements between ethnic groups * the differences between firms from different countries * the links between religion, community, ethnicity and economic performance. * the influences of leadership, peer pressure, entrepreneurship, envy, status-seeking and self esteem.

Originally published in 1961, this was a time when for most laymen the science of behaviour hardly existed. Few people had any clear idea of its methods, its history or, above all, its significance. The work of the behaviourists was almost unknown, yet this was a science which offered the hope of profound insights into the human mind. Broadbent shows how behaviourism had grown towards such sophisticated developments from the beginnings of such men as Watson and Pavlov. The reissue of this title is an opportunity for people to see how Broadbent's early work influenced the future of psychology.

First Published in 1999. This is Volume I of ten in the Physiological Psychology series. Written in 1930, this book is an attempt to define the nature of feeling, that which in ordinary language is called pleasure and pain, or in more technically psychological terms the affective side of the 'mental life.

The opening of the former Soviet Union to the West has provided an opportunity to describe Russian human factors/ergonomics and to compare American theories and methods with it. Although this book is principally dedicated to describing the theory of activity as it applies to issues of design and training, it is also offered to a general audience of psychologists and interested lay readers. This theory studies the goal-directed behavior of man and attempts to integrate the cognitive, motivational, and behavioral aspects of activity into a holistic system. Such fundamental notions as goal, action, and self-regulation are described and analyzed from totally different theoretical points of view. This is the first comprehensive, systematic description of the theory of activity in the English language. Existing attempts to translate the theory of activity into English suffer from certain limitations. Among them, the theory of activity -- considered one of the more important accomplishments of Soviet psychological science -- has an extensive history dating back to the work of Vygotsky and his students. Subsequent development of the theory by other well-known Soviet psychologists and psychophysiologists took place within different schools with some significant differences. In the former Soviet Union, psychological theory could not be advanced unconnected to Marxist-Leninist ideology. Accordingly, theoretical formulations were subject to their own version of "political correctness." Books published in this field were addressed only to other scientists with backgrounds in the field. Moreover, the translation of the technical terms in Russian psychology frequently resist translation in the absence of the context of the debates in which they were being used. Thus, simple translation of books in this field as they were written in a specialized and politicized environment for Russian audiences is really not a particularly sensible or worthwhile undertaking. This book is addressed in the first instance to Western psychologists. It compares, among other things, analyses of work from the former Soviet Union with the work from the West. Applications of activity theory to design and learning were paramount in the Soviet Union. Using their own theoretical perspective, the authors provide a comparative analysis of the various schools working in activity theory. They hope that this book may facilitate the exchange of ideas between Russian psychological scientists and Western psychologists working in ergonomics, human factors, industrial/organizational psychology, education, learning, and related areas where the theory of activity may find general application. This book's authors attempt to provide a contribution not only to science but also to history. Western researchers have strongly influenced Russian work, but because of negative political pressure in the former USSR, the flow of concepts was one-sided. Russian ergonomists received so much from American and Western sources that it is now important to give something back. Despite the considerable similarity between Russian and American theories and methods, the special "spin" the former put on their work may stimulate new thinking on the part of their American colleagues.

Written by world-renowned Behavior Scientist, Israel Goldiamond - Explores the definitions and wide-ranging behaviors exhibited during mental health disorders through a lens of radical behaviorism Will appeal to anyone working in the analysis of, and clinical interventions in, mental health

Originally published in 1968, this book was an experimental investigation into some personality characteristics associated with three types of child problem behaviour. The behaviour of the children in school is described, and their underlying personality needs, as evinced by the stories they told to the author, are assessed. The behaviour at home of the asthmatic and road accident children is examined and their early developmental history traced. The part played by prolonged environmental stress, constitutional vulnerability and transitory needs is considered.

First Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

New chapter 10 'Going Forward' which offers career advice on entry level positions Each question now comes with a 'Quick Take' which would be an easy to read lay-person answer to the question, and then a more in-depth 'Technically Speaking' answer that is more challenging Accessible writing style

First Published in 1999. This is Volume XXVII of twenty-eight in the Psychoanalysis series. Written around 1920, this book attempts at interpreting human conduct from the psychoanalytical point of view. The unconscious and involuntary play a tremendous part in human life, the more tremendous as they usually masquerade as conscious and voluntary.

Originally published in 1985, this title was a retrospective appreciation of the late Richard L. Solomon. His pre- and postdoctoral students from past years presented the 22 papers which are published in this volume. The book reflects the breadth of Solomon's impact through his teaching and research. The first part contains a chapter that provides a bit of history in a retrospective appreciation of the several foci of Solomon's research career. This chapter sets the stage for those that follow and reduces their diversity by providing a degree of historical understanding. The second part on the role of properties of fear contains chapters that address various issues associated with the role of conditioned fear. The third part contains papers that address cognitive, information-processing issues in the context of Pavlovian conditioning of appetitive and aversive events, reasoning and timing. The fourth part continues the exploration of the phenomenon of learned helplessness first discovered in Solomon's laboratory. The fifth part addresses various issues associated with the Solomon and Corbit opponent-process theory of motivation and affect. The final part, on applications to human and cultural issues, contains chapters on such diverse subjects as cross-cultural analyses of aggressive behavior in children, the analysis of resistance to change in industrial organizations, the concept of liberty in formulating research issues in developmental psychology, and the status of free will in modern American psychology.

The Handbook of Program Development for Health Behavior Research and Practice guides the reader from program development theory through program activity analysis and selection, immediate impact studies, and intermediate and long-term outcome measurement. The handbook consists of five parts, providing a wealth of information about:

- The history and rationale for engaging in health behavior program development, including a case study that shows how to apply the six-step program development model and ways of surmounting the hurdles to engaging in program development

- The role of theory in program development, the use of assessment studies to fill in gaps in theory regarding what leads to health-related behavior, and many issues and resources relevant to pooling information about prior interventions

- Perceived efficacy (i.e. concept evaluation) methods of activity selection, including verbal and paper-and-pencil methods of selecting potentially useful activities

- Immediate-impact studies of activities and program creation

- Ways to find immediate-outcome measures that predict longer-term outcome measures, and future issues to consider in the arena of health behavior program development.

Each section consists of an overview; one or more commentaries from recognized theorists, researchers, and practitioners in the health field, and case studies that provide guidelines on addressing relevant aspects of program development. These case studies will provide useful information for discussion, research, and application. In all, this handbook provides 20 chapters of detailed and useful information for researchers, academics, public health practitioners, students, policymakers, and those who engage in any aspect of health program development or evaluation.

In Narcissistic Giving, Gerald Alper chronicles the unconscious defenses, gambits and strategies by which fightened people seek to escape the imagined terrors of relating to one another and to themselves.

This is a classic edition of a landmark text in the field Features a new introduction by the surviving editor, highlighting the developments in the field over the past 45 years Will continue to appeal to all students and researchers of Behaviorism, providing a snapshot of the field at the height of its popularity

This is a classic edition of a landmark text in the field Features a new introduction by the surviving editor, highlighting the developments in the field over the past 45 years Will continue to appeal to all students and researchers of Behaviorism, providing a snapshot of the field at the height of its popularity

A tapestry of rich and varied perspectives drawn from a remarkable event. The Brief Therapy Congress, sponsored by the Milton H. Erickson Foundation, brought together over 2200 therapists and an impressive faculty that included J. Barber, J. Bergman, S. Budman, G. Cecchin, N. Cummings, S. de Shazer, A. Ellis, M. Goulding, J. Gustafson, J. Haley, C. Lankton, S. Lankton, A. Lazarus, C. Madanes, W. O'Hanlon, P. Papp, E. Polster, E. Rossi, P. Sifneos, H. Strupp, P. Watzlawick, J. Weakland, M. Yapko and many more.

First published in 1990. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Building on past research that includes prosocial-antisocial communication, positive psychology, as well as complementing the dark side of interpersonal communication, this groundbreaking volume brings together veteran interpersonal communication scholars to examine the bright, positive sides of communication in human relations. Together, they begin to frame a conceptual foundation for studies on the "positive" side of interpersonal communication, or in general terms, relational communication that promotes happiness, health, and wellness. In the process they examine moments of relational beauty, laughter and play, positive emotion, relational support, understanding, and forgiveness, as well as facilitation of positive character traits and positive relational communication values. The Positive Side of Interpersonal Communication is intended to serve as a starting point for future research as well as inspiring new areas of interpersonal communication scholarship.

First published in 1969, Angry Adolescents is the story of unruly adolescents and of how a Youth Club with such an unpromising membership developed in a village in the Home Counties, some forty miles from London, just outside normal commuter territory. The book intends to fill an academic gap in adolescent literature by providing case studies of individual adolescents from difficult home backgrounds and how they behaved in a certain situation in the years of the mid-sixties. The first section of the book provides a description of how young people work and spend their leisure, along with a sociological assessment of the district. It is followed by a discussion on the birth and the development of the youth club. The remaining sections deal with varying behaviour patterns in relation to money, sex, employment and other aspects. The book has been made readable to the general reader who is interested in young people, not only to those engaged in youth work, without compromising on any aspect of educational psychology.

Originally published in 1980, this volume explores some of the dramatic and exciting changes that had taken place in the field of conditioning in the 15 years prior to publication. The usefulness of a particular learning procedure, second-order conditioning, is explored in three aspects of the learning process: (1) the measurement of learning; (2) the circumstances that produce associative learning; and (3) the content of that learning. The usefulness of this new paradigm is documented with the results of experiments that had grown out of the author's programmatic work at the time. Completely new results were published for the first time, in an attempt to demonstrate the power of this particular learning procedure in elucidating fundamental questions about the nature of learning.

In Addictive Behaviors in Women, leading experts from psychiatry, psychology, sociology, and social work concisely review the addictive process and the characteristic behaviors of women who are dependent on alcohol and/or drugs. Topics include why women smoke, the role of personality in female addiction, sexuality issues in chemically dependent women, dieting and alcohol use in women, alcohol's role in sexual assault, and the impact of drug abuse on the family and pregnancy.
Addictive Behaviors in Women illuminates the causes and effects of the many lifestyle decisions women make that lead to addiction to drugs, work, sex, gambling, or to any of the many other elective aspects of our lives. It shows how addictive decisions can be avoided and/or treated, thereby making women's lives safer, more productive, and healthier.

Shunning the disease model of alcoholism, this book delineates how narcissistic injury in early life acts as the basic psychogenic, etiological, component of addictive drinking. It provides an innovative analysis of the interrelationships between the alcoholic's overt behavioral disorders and his or her psychological make_up. Early chapters explore the role of narcissistic injury in great depth. Successive discussions examine the pathologies of character, personality, behavior, cognition and interpersonal relationships that manifest themselves in and as alcoholism. The part that early-life narcissistic injury plays in the development of anxiety, oral rage, avoidance defenses, depression, sadomasochism, paranoia, guilt, and obsessive-compulsive behaviors is detailed. A veteran of extensive work with alcoholics, the author delineates treatment strategies to modify and resolve the alcoholic's symptoms_the drinking disorder as well as the other psychological manifestations of dysfunction. Among the strategies explored in this regard are analytic, family, conjoint, behavioral, confrontation, supportive and self-help modalities. The trenchant case studies found throughout the text amplify the author's points about the global and specific psychopathology of alcoholism as well as the interventive alternatives. Alcoholism, Narcissism, and Psychopathology will prove stimulating and resourceful to psychologists, social workers, psychiatrists, counselors and therapists who are involved in the treatment and rehabilitation of alcoholics and other substance abusers.

What comes to people's minds when they think of security? Is there a relationship between global security threats and local, everyday events that influence our feeling of security? Drawing from telephone interviews of 1,000 Swiss citizens, this work attempts to provide a missing link between the spheres of personal and public security. Based on empirical data and using quantitative statistical methods such as correspondence analysis and logistic regression, security is conceived through the statements of common citizens. What emerges is a fascinating portrait of the different notions of security in contemporary Switzerland.

Physicians are not alone in their concern with stress. Other professionals, such as psychologists and social workers, invoke stress to explain social pathology, for example, alcoholism, suicide, and drug abuse. They are joined by additional individuals in implicating stress in the development of disease. Indeed, conventional wisdom has long noted that to worry, be tense, or take things hard, is to increase one's vulnerability to disease.

Sol Levine and Norman A. Scotch argue that whether the focus upon stress is in its origins and its management, or upon its relationship to individual pathology and behavior, it is necessary to appreciate its complexity and its various dimensions. In particular, they discuss and answer the following common questions: To what extent do various work and organizational settings engender stress for various occupants? To what degree does upward and downward social mobility create stress? What are the effects of family disruptions--death, divorce, or desertion--upon the psychological state of the individual?

This book presents a clear and comprehensive picture of the phenomena encompassed within the conceptual rubric of stress and to explicate such specific levels or dimensions as the sources of stress, its management, and its consequences. The contributors are top researchers from the fields of sociology, anthropology, psychology, and medicine. They include Sydney H. Croog, Edward Gross, Barbara Snell Dohrenwend, Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Richard S. Lazarus, Andrew Crider, John Cassell, E. Gartly Jaco, James E. Teele, Robert Scott, and Alan Howard. The work concludes with a statement by the editors summarizing the data and themes that are presented throughout the work. This work should be read by all individuals. In particular, it will be invaluable for sociologists, psychologists, and professional social scientists.

As busy as teachers and scholars are, rarely do they find the time to sample widely from the table of scientific inquiry. This book offers the opportunity to do just that. The fourth volume in the "Studies in Perception and Action" series, it contains a collection of posters presented at the Ninth International Conference on Perception and Action, sponsored by the International Society for Ecological Psychology.
Like its predecessor, this volume is a collection of short reports, mostly empirical in nature. The reports are considerably larger than the abstracts presented in the proceedings of many conferences, and provide the authors with opportunities to present arguments, methods, results, and conclusions in condensed forms.

Adaptive Learning and the Human Condition provides a coherent and comprehensive introduction to the basic principles of classical (Pavlovian) and instrumental (Skinnerian) conditioning. When combined with observational learning and language, they are responsible for human accomplishment from the Stone Age to the digital age. This edition has been thoroughly updated throughout, relating adaptive learning principles to clinical applications as well as non-traditional topics such as parenting, moral development, and the helping professions. Defining learning as an adaptive process enables students to understand the need to review the basic animal research literature in classical and operant conditioning and consider how it applies to human beings in our everyday lives. Divided into four parts, this book covers historical research into psychology and adaptive learning, principles of adaptive learning (prediction and control), adaptive learning and the human condition, and behavior modification and the helping professions. The book showcases how an adaptive learning strategy can be practical, diagnostic, and prescriptive, making this an essential companion for psychology students and those enrolled in programs in professional schools and helping professions including psychiatry, special education, health psychology, and physical therapy.