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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Philosophy & theory of psychology > Behavioural theory (Behaviourism)
The focus of "Fusion Fashion" is on Orientalism as a sartorial practice, which has to be differentiated from the common knowledge of Orientalism by means of its organization, constitution and reception. The book offers historic as well as systematic perspectives. On the one hand, it compares orientalizing practices in fashion since the Tang Period in China and European Renaissance. On the other hand, it highlights current tendencies of so called "orientalism", "self-orientalism", "occidentalism" in a globalized world. The book covers two time periods: Orientalized fashion practices from the 16th to the beginning of the 20th century, with an emphasis on European "Oriental" practices, and the period beginning in the 1990s up to the present day, with an emphasis on non-Western sartorial practices.
Bullying is a contemporary wildfire of a social problem that continues to burn, scar, and even kill U.S. schoolchildren on a daily basis. Not only do the targets of bullying suffer in their abilities to grow, learn and succeed; so do bystanders, and even the bullies themselves. Generation BULLIED 2.0 details the nature of bullying as a tremendously negative force in schools today and offers practical, research-based strategies for constructing and cultivating cultures that support learning, safety, and dignity for everyone. Analyzing the nature and inadequacy of current anti-bullying policies, Generation BULLIED 2.0 explores how stereotyping and other negative behaviors are reinforced and sustained in both large and small ways at school. Its critical narratives of commonly bullied individuals and groups are representative of events that transpire every day across the country's education system. Focusing on the most common targets of bullying: race, gender, sexual orientation, physical appearance, physical and mental disability, and cyber-abuse, this book does not offer simplistic solutions. Instead, it offers empowerment to readers while providing tools for elevating social justice and preventing bullying from taking root as a supposedly "normal" part of life in our society.
Physicians are not alone in their concern with stress. Other professionals, such as psychologists and social workers, invoke stress to explain social pathology, for example, alcoholism, suicide, and drug abuse. They are joined by additional individuals in implicating stress in the development of disease. Indeed, conventional wisdom has long noted that to worry, be tense, or take things hard, is to increase one's vulnerability to disease. Sol Levine and Norman A. Scotch argue that whether the focus upon stress is in its origins and its management, or upon its relationship to individual pathology and behavior, it is necessary to appreciate its complexity and its various dimensions. In particular, they discuss and answer the following common questions: To what extent do various work and organizational settings engender stress for various occupants? To what degree does upward and downward social mobility create stress? What are the effects of family disruptions--death, divorce, or desertion--upon the psychological state of the individual? This book presents a clear and comprehensive picture of the phenomena encompassed within the conceptual rubric of stress and to explicate such specific levels or dimensions as the sources of stress, its management, and its consequences. The contributors are top researchers from the fields of sociology, anthropology, psychology, and medicine. They include Sydney H. Croog, Edward Gross, Barbara Snell Dohrenwend, Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Richard S. Lazarus, Andrew Crider, John Cassell, E. Gartly Jaco, James E. Teele, Robert Scott, and Alan Howard. The work concludes with a statement by the editors summarizing the data and themes that are presented throughout the work. This work should be read by all individuals. In particular, it will be invaluable for sociologists, psychologists, and professional social scientists.
A group of respected historians and authorities reassesses the role of B. F. Skinner and contemporary behaviorism in the history of 20-century psychology. This landmark collection provides an interesting mix of modern perspectives to clarify perceptions of the theories and approaches of Skinner and of other contemporary behaviorists. This reevaluation of the philosophical bases and development of behavior analysis offers new interpretations. This edited volume includes discussion and analyses of Skinner's work and features a section of integrative commentary on the current state of affairs in contemporary behavior analytic theory. An inductive approach is used, and general themes and details about Skinner and contemporary behaviorism appear and recur with variations in different chapters. Psychologists, historians, philosophers, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students will also find the work important for its up-to-date comprehensive bibliography of Skinner's published works and for its lengthy historiography of important studies dealing with Skinner and behaviorism. This volume is a companion to Modern Perspectives on John B. Watson and Classical Behaviorism edited by Todd and Morris and published by Greenwood Press in 1994.
People with intellectual disability cannot assume that they can speak up for and represent themselves. A host of socially constructed factors act as barriers to their becoming self-advocates. This book analyses the nature of these factors and investigates how the label 'intellectual disability' is understood and interpreted. It also analyses the power imbalance between people with intellectual disability and non-disabled people, an imbalance which leads to the perpetuation of dependence of the former on the latter. The book proposes self-advocacy as a way of providing an environment in which this power imbalance can be redressed, negative perceptions of the label 'intellectual disability' challenged, and independence and autonomy promoted. In this way, contexts can be created in which the voices of people with intellectual disability are heard and valued. Self-advocacy thus enables people with intellectual disability to become more active agents in their own lives with the necessary support.
First published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
First published in 1991, Homelessness and Drinking conveys multitude of information about a homeless drinking population in Anchorage, Alaska. The data presented were obtained from day-to-day observations of individuals using a Sleep-Off Center. Bernard Segal discusses themes like descriptive analysis of clients using the sleep-off centre; analysis of drinking and drug-taking behaviour among homeless; intervention and treatment of the homeless alcoholic; and assessment of treatment outcome, to showcase that when people become homeless and attached to alcohol, it then becomes extremely difficult to separate the drinker from alcohol. This book is an essential read for students and scholars of addiction studies, psychology, sociology, and behavioural studies.
The field of social anxiety and shyness is defined by research and practice in child development, psychophysiology, social and personality psychology, clinical psychology, psychiatry and psychotherapy. This Handbook reflects the field with major sections on the origin and development of shyness and social anxiety, on social and personality factors, and on clinical perspectives and interventions. The editors have brought together original chapters by some of the leading international experts, to provide a state-of-the-art account of knowledge in this field. The purpose was to review and synthesize a very extensive literature from diverse disciplines, with a critical focus on knowledge that is research-based, central to the understanding of social anxiety, and of essential interest to a wide range of students, researchers and professionals. This comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date volume will be of value to students, teachers and researchers in developmental, social and abnormal psychology, as well as to trainees and practitioners in clinical psychology, psychiatry, psychotherapy and counselling.
Slings and Arrows deals with narcissistic injury - the deep wounds to our core selves that lacerate, diminish, fragment, and impoverish us, lowering our self-esteem and inducing rage, shame, and humiliation. In this volume Dr. Jerome Levin presents the dynamic psychotherapeutic approach to the treatment of narcissistically wounded patients. Narcissistic injury is the ineluctable concomitant of each life stage. Slings and Arrows gives insight into the nature of these injuries during our journey from birth to death, demonstrating how the therapist can uncover wounds hidden from consciousness and heal these injuries. People are narcissistically injured not only by blows to themselves, but also by the humiliations of those they love, and Slings and Arrows suggests ways for the therapists to work with these "injuries through identification" as well. We are injured not only by life, but by therapy itself. Both patient and therapist are subject to narcissistic wounds during the therapeutic process. Slings and Arrows explores that pain, suggests ways to minimize it, and offers approaches for dealing with patients who have been traumatized by bad or failed therapy in the past. Beginning with an illuminating account of the self, our understanding of it, narcissism, and narcissistic injury, Levin goes on to illustrate these insights with detailed case narrations in which patients and therapists come alive in their mutual struggle to grow and heal through soothing, hurt, insight, and catharsis. In the process, patient and therapist confront abandonment, traumatic childhood abuse, unrequited love, loss, and mortality.
The initial conceptualization of this book was much more narrow than the final product that has emerged. I started out believing that it would be enlightening to have a group of acknowledged rational-emotive therapy (RET) expert practitioners with well-established literary credentials write about how they approach the problem of modifying dient irrationality. Many RET practitioners of all levels of experience are, on the one hand, enamored of the economy, the precision, and the accuracy of psychological insight that RET theory offers, but they are, on the other hand, equally frustrated by their own inability to "persuade" or otherwise change some of the dients they work with more quickly or even at all. Indeed, dients themselves frequently express the view that RET is illuminating, yet they find themselves at the same time puzzled and perplexed by their inability to make the substantial changes that RET invites. It became dearer as I discussed the project with many of the contrib utors that to practice RET effectively requires more than just innovative and persistent assessment and intervention techniques. For example, Rus sell Grieger expressed the view that more prerequisite work needs to be done on the value and philosophical systems of dients-induding person al responsibility and the philosophy of happiness-before many dients can show significant shifts in their thinking. Susan Walen raised the gener al issues of how effective RET can be in the treatment of biologically driven affective disorders."
A challenge, a mission, a hope for a better life for all in an embattled country. This was the author's vision in The Other's Other. The challenge turned out to be greater and different than imagined; the mission more exasperating; the hope, more complicated. The book offers a new perspective on the problematic encounter between Jewish and Arab Israelis through the experience of a Jewish lecturer at an Arab college in an Arab city in Israel. The author's unique insights into Arab Israeli culture gleaned from conversations with staff and students, students' work, and everyday contact offer a window on the often conflicting feelings; the ambiguities, ambivalent identities, and layers of reality; the questions, doubts and dilemmas that mark the struggle of Arabs and Jews living in one country. It is also a meditation on the rewards and difficulties of discovering and accepting the other - and oneself as the other's other. Of coexistence.
Travel writers and travel journalists are not the same. They differ in identity, purpose and method. The travel writer looks in a mirror; the travel journalist looks out a window. The travel writer serves the travel industry; the travel journalist serves the public. The travel writer is subsidized; the travel journalist pays his own way. Introduction to Travel Journalism highlights these distinctions and offers independent, ethical, substantive journalists the skills and knowledge they need to cover the travel and tourism industry, to provide travelers with credible news and information, and to report significant trends and developments at home and across the world.
Written by world-renowned Behavior Scientist, Israel Goldiamond - Explores the definitions and wide-ranging behaviors exhibited during mental health disorders through a lens of radical behaviorism Will appeal to anyone working in the analysis of, and clinical interventions in, mental health
In this immensely practical manual, two leading child psychologists provide specific, down-to-earth advice for effectively handling the everyday problems of children from early childhood through adolescence.
What does it mean to be white in a society that proclaims race meaningless yet is deeply divided by race? In the face of pervasive racial inequality and segregation, most whites cannot answer that question. Robin DiAngelo argues that a number of factors make this question difficult for whites miseducation about what racism is; ideologies such as individualism and colorblindness; defensiveness; and a need to protect (rather than expand) our worldviews. These factors contribute to what she terms white racial illiteracy. Speaking as a white person to other white people, Dr. DiAngelo clearly and compellingly takes readers through an analysis of white socialization. She describes how race shapes the lives of white people, explains what makes racism so hard for whites to see, identifies common white racial patterns, and speaks back to popular white narratives that work to deny racism. Written as an accessible introduction to white identity from an anti-racist framework, What Does It Mean To Be White? is an invaluable resource for members of diversity and anti-racism programs and study groups and students of sociology, psychology, education, and other disciplines.
Originally published in 1968, this book was an experimental investigation into some personality characteristics associated with three types of child problem behaviour. The behaviour of the children in school is described, and their underlying personality needs, as evinced by the stories they told to the author, are assessed. The behaviour at home of the asthmatic and road accident children is examined and their early developmental history traced. The part played by prolonged environmental stress, constitutional vulnerability and transitory needs is considered.
Building on past research that includes prosocial-antisocial communication, positive psychology, as well as complementing the dark side of interpersonal communication, this groundbreaking volume brings together veteran interpersonal communication scholars to examine the bright, positive sides of communication in human relations. Together, they begin to frame a conceptual foundation for studies on the "positive" side of interpersonal communication, or in general terms, relational communication that promotes happiness, health, and wellness. In the process they examine moments of relational beauty, laughter and play, positive emotion, relational support, understanding, and forgiveness, as well as facilitation of positive character traits and positive relational communication values. The Positive Side of Interpersonal Communication is intended to serve as a starting point for future research as well as inspiring new areas of interpersonal communication scholarship.
Migrations and the Media critically explores the global reporting of "migration crises," bringing together a range of original interdisciplinary research from the fields of migration studies and journalism, media and cultural studies. Its chapters examine, empirically and theoretically, some of the most important contemporary political, cultural and social issues with which migration is entwined, developing existing and new conceptual understandings of how forced migration and other instances of migration are represented and constructed as "crises" in different international contexts, including within news narratives on human trafficking and smuggling, asylum seeking and humanitarian reporting, "climate refugees," undocumented and economic migrants, and in election debates and policy making. This edited volume also examines the reporting practices through which migration coverage is produced, including the rights and responsibilities of journalism and the presuppositions and pressures upon journalists working in this area.
This is a classic edition of a landmark text in the field Features a new introduction by the surviving editor, highlighting the developments in the field over the past 45 years Will continue to appeal to all students and researchers of Behaviorism, providing a snapshot of the field at the height of its popularity
This is a classic edition of a landmark text in the field Features a new introduction by the surviving editor, highlighting the developments in the field over the past 45 years Will continue to appeal to all students and researchers of Behaviorism, providing a snapshot of the field at the height of its popularity
This book explores and expands upon the work of the late Frances Tustin, which was devoted to the psychoanalytic understanding of the bewildering elemental world of the autistic child.
The Bio-Existential Spirit. The Definition and History of Psychotherapy. The Five Modern Schools of Mental Treatment. The Case of Beth and Howard. The History of the Hologram. Making the Diagnosis, Staging the Treatment. A Grief-Based Theory of Disorder. The Dynamics of Drug Therapy. Changing the Rules. Reliving the Past or Creating the Future. Guided Intimacy and Milieu Therapy. Freedom. Index.
Teachers in mainstream schools are increasingly confronted with children with severe emotional and behavioural difficulties. This text provides a concise guide to the major approaches which can be used to deal with emotional and behavioural difficulties. The authors discuss counselling, behavioural approaches, family therapy and class management based on analysis of social interaction. The final chapters look at the development of whole school policies through an extended case study and at the relevance of recent research in school effectiveness to the tackling of emotional and behavioural difficulties. The work should be useful reading for special needs co-ordinators, individual teachers reflecting on the issue in their own classrooms and heads wishing to establish whole school approaches to the problem.
Bill Starbuck has been one of the leading management researchers over several decades. In this book he reflects on a number of challenges associated with management and social science research - the search for a 'behavioral science', the limits of rationality, the unreliability of many research findings, the social shaping of research agendas, cultures and judgements. It is an engaging, chronologically structured account in which he discusses some of his own research projects and various methodological debates. This is a feisty argument from someone who has been fully engaged with all aspects of research - carrying out research programmes, evaluating research, tirelessly questioning the assumptions and claims of social science research, and never avoiding the awkward theoretical or practical challenges that face organizational researchers. Well written, provocative and unusual, this quasi autobiographical account will inform and entertain, and be a valuable guide to current and future research students.
First published in 1969, Angry Adolescents is the story of unruly adolescents and of how a Youth Club with such an unpromising membership developed in a village in the Home Counties, some forty miles from London, just outside normal commuter territory. The book intends to fill an academic gap in adolescent literature by providing case studies of individual adolescents from difficult home backgrounds and how they behaved in a certain situation in the years of the mid-sixties. The first section of the book provides a description of how young people work and spend their leisure, along with a sociological assessment of the district. It is followed by a discussion on the birth and the development of the youth club. The remaining sections deal with varying behaviour patterns in relation to money, sex, employment and other aspects. The book has been made readable to the general reader who is interested in young people, not only to those engaged in youth work, without compromising on any aspect of educational psychology. |
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