Vascular changes that occur in the human retina and choroid have frequently been studied through the use of light microscopy. This technique has marked limitations, however, in that it shows changes only in limited localized sites, often with the effects of various systemic diseases indistinguishable. Newer techniques of corrosion cast scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy provide a much clearer three-dimensional view of retinal and choroidal vasculatures, the results of which will be useful for the interpretation of ocular fundus changes seen in individual systemic diseases. Retinal and choroidal vascular changes due to aging, arteriosclerosis, spontaneous hypertension, and diabetes mellitus in the rat have been investigated and are described in this book, which will be of interest to those in the fields of ophthalmology, anatomy, and pathology. This book is a leading source of information on the use of electron microscopy in a new field of interest. .

The Modernization of the Nursing Workforce: Valuing the healthcare assistant is based on recently completed research exploring the role of healthcare assistants (HCA) in acute hospitals. Whilst a support role working alongside registered nurses has been a longstanding feature of the NHS, the contemporary HCA role has become increasingly central to the process of health service modernization. The role is now assuming even greater importance as the ramifications of financial constraints, restructuring and other pressures on the NHS play out. The issue is becoming increasingly relevant as the government has commissioned an independent review into the role of healthcare assistants, the Cavendish Review, which uses this book extensively. The HCA role is unregulated and low paid, but by taking-on direct care tasks from registered nurses, the role has become politically sensitive. The HCA remains a cheap and flexible source of labour, but the unregulated role encourages dilemmas and public scrutiny over risk and patient safety. The book explores how public policy reform of the health service feeds through to impact upon the management and structure of the healthcare workforce. More specifically, the book provides a timely evidence base for the extended and growing use of the HCA role. The book draws upon a multi-method research design from four geographically located hospital trusts in England, which during a three year period saw over 270 staff interviewed, focus groups and interviews with over 100 patients, some 275 hours of ward-based observation, and detailed survey responses from over 3,000 members of staff and hospital patients. The unusual richness of the data allows a definitive examination of who undertakes the HCA role, its shape, nature and diversity, along with the consequences for those with a stake in the role - hospital managers, the assistants themselves, the patients they care for and the nurses they work alongside, making The Modernization of the Nursing Workforce: Valuing the healthcare assistant essential reading for health care studies and public management communities, and those charged with training and education policy.

Pocket-sized and portable, Instant Work-ups: A Clinical Guide to Medicine offers all of the critical information physicians need to know in order to evaluate and diagnose a patient. The content is uniquely presented as a patient would present his or her case: with symptoms and abnormalities, as opposed to a diagnosis. Practical and easy to use, it provides clear work-up plans for the most commonly encountered medical conditions, providing quick, focused guidance with the flexibility to adapt to each unique patient. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Pocket-sized design makes it perfect for quick reference in the clinical setting. Covers approximately 80 of the most commonly encountered medical conditions. Chapters are alphabetically organized by topic for easy reference. Topics are presented as a sign, symptom, or abnormal lab reading as a patient would present his or her case. Every topic includes a brief background discussion, a list of important related materials, and a detailed list of the next lab or radiographic tests. Describes each diagnostic test and includes algorithms for each topic to help guide diagnosis.

Should editing the human genome be allowed? What are the ethical implications of social restrictions during a pandemic? Is it ethical to use animals in clinical research? Is prioritizing COVID-19 treatment increasing deaths from other causes? Bioethics is a dynamic field of inquiry that draws on interdisciplinary expertise and methodology to address normative issues in healthcare, medicine, biomedical research, biotechnology, public health, and the environment. This Is Bioethics is an ideal introductory textbook for students new to the field, exploring the fundamental questions, concepts, and issues within this rapidly evolving area of study. Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, this accessible volume helps students consider both traditional and cutting-edge questions, develop informed and defensible answers, and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a diverse range of ethical positions in medicine. The authors avoid complex technical terms and jargon in favor of an easy-to-follow, informal writing style with engaging chapters designed to stimulate student interest and encourage class discussion. The book also features a deep dive into the realm of global public health ethics, including the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It considers topics like triage decision-making, the proportionality of society's response to COVID-19, whether doctors have a professional obligation to treat COVID-19 patients, and whether vaccines for this virus should be mandatory. A timely addition to the acclaimed This Is Philosophy series, This Is Bioethics is the ideal primary textbook for undergraduate bioethics and practical ethics courses, and is a must-have reference for students in philosophy, biology, biochemistry, and medicine.

How do electrical activity and calcium signals in neurons influence the secretion of peptide hormones? This volume presents the current state of knowledge regarding the electrical, calcium signaling and synaptic properties of neuroendocrine systems from both vertebrate and invertebrate systems. The contributions span in vivo and in vitro studies that address: state-dependent plasticity, relevance of firing patterns, membrane properties, calcium flux (including dynamic imaging and homeostasis), and molecular mechanisms of exocytosis, including from non-neuronal secretory cells. The chapters focus not only on research results but also on how experiments are conducted using state-of-the-art techniques, and how the resulting data are interpreted. While there are many books on the secretory properties of neurons, this is the first to focus on the distinctive secretory properties of neuroendocrine neurons. Accordingly, it offers an important text for undergraduate and graduate neuroscience students, and will also appeal to established scientists and postdoctoral fellows. This is the eighth volume in the Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series* - now a co-publication between Springer Nature and the INF (International Neuroendocrine Federation). *Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley

Get the book and get into medical school. Sound simple? Well, it isn't. But Get into UK Medical School For Dummies contains the information you need to get ahead of the competition and give yourself the best possible shot at success. Doctors Chris Chopdar and Neel Burton guide you through the entire process from deciding whether a career in medicine is right for you to sitting for interviews. Along the way, they provide the proven advice and coaching that has resulted in hundreds of acceptance letters on topic such as Why choose medicine (and why you may decide not to) Long term planning -- The A-levels, extracurricular activities, volunteer opportunities, and work experience that can make you a more attractive candidate; and what to do if you're lacking in these categories. Personal statement -- Plenty of insight and examples to help you create a winning and -- truly personal -- personal statement Research -- Put together a plan that ensures you find a university that's right for you. Test preparation -- An overview of the UKCAT and BMAT, preparation strategies, and sample questions The interview -- Common questions, how to tackle them, and the importance of body language The decision -- Tips on choosing between multiple offers!

This issue of Medical Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Robert A. Smith and Dr. Kevin Oeffinger, is devoted to Cancer Screening and Prevention. Articles in this important issue cover the development of cancer screening guidelines, implementing cancer screening in the clinical setting, and screening for colorectal, lung, cervical, prostate, skin, and ovarian cancer.

Bipolar disorder affects up to 5% of the general population and the condition is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. There has been an explosion of research into the neurobiology and treatment of bipolar disorder over the past 15 years. This has led to increased understanding of the disorder and development of many new treatments for this condition.
Part of the Oxford Psychiatry Library, this concise pocket book covers the diagnostic aspects, clinical features, and biology of bipolar disorder, as well as current treatment strategies including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and somatic treatments. It serves as an invaluable quick reference for clinical psychiatrists, trainees, specialist nurses and other mental health care professionals, as well as interested general practitioners.

A comprehensive guide to the theory, research and practice of violence risk management The Wiley Handbook of What Works in Violence Risk Management: Theory, Research and Practice offers a comprehensive guide to the theory, research and practice of violence risk management. With contributions from a panel of noted international experts, the book explores the most recent advances to the theoretical understanding, assessment and management of violent behavior. Designed to be an accessible resource, the highly readable chapters address common issues associated with violent behavior such as alcohol misuse and the less common issues for example offenders with intellectual disabilities. Written for both those new to the field and professionals with years of experience, the book offers a wide-ranging review of who commit acts of violence, their prevalence in society and the most recent explanations for their behavior. The contributors explore various assessment approaches and highlight specialized risk assessment instruments. The Handbook provides the latest evidence on effective treatment and risk management and includes a number of well-established and effective treatment interventions for violent offenders. This important book: Contains an authoritative and comprehensive guide to the topic Includes contributions from an international panel of experts Offers information on violence risk formulation Reveals the most recent techniques in violence risk assessment Explains what works in violence intervention Reviews specialty clinical assessments Written for clinicians and other professionals in the field of violence prevention and assessment, The Wiley Handbook of What Works in Violence Risk Management is unique in its approach because it offers a comprehensive review of the topic rather than like other books on the market that take a narrower view.

The unique and award-winning Unofficial Guides series is a collaboration between senior students, junior doctors and specialty experts. This combination of contributors understands what is essential to excel on your course, in exams and in practice - as well as the importance of presenting information in a clear, fun and engaging way. Packed with hints and tips from those in the know, when you are in a hurry and need a study companion you can trust, reach for an Unofficial Guide. This guide has everything you need in one place - including common questions, model answers, how to present your answers to examiners, and numerous practical tips for success - all written by doctors and students who have recently completed the exam process. Ideal for OSCE candidates wanting to blitz their exams, this book will also make a useful day-to-day reference guide for professionals. Over 100 common scenarios - including medical history taking, clinical examination, practical skills and communication skills Covers specialities including orthopaedics, paediatrics, psychiatry, radiology, prescribing, O&G, ophthalmology, ENT Over 300 full colour clinical photos to bring the text to life, including images of patients with disease features Clearly outlines how to relay the assessment of a patient to an examiner or to other doctors on a ward round Model answers to key OSCE questions Written and reviewed by doctors and senior medical students - essential guidance from those in the know New data interpretation chapter New dedicated ophthalmology chapter

The MRCP PACES examination is a highly sought-after qualification worldwide and an essential part of postgraduate medical training in the UK. Fully up-to-date with the current exam format, the Pack also reflects the recent changes to Station 5. In each of these two volumes, the authors include clinical cases which mimic the style and approach of the MRCP PACES exam. These sample cases equip the reader attempting the exam with the skills and knowledge necessary for success, and provide an overview of evidence-based medicine for competency-based training. Across both volumes, the authors explore all aspects of the candidate's performance, from clinical examination, to presentation, communication and medical ethics and up-to-date clinical evidence.
This two-volume pack represents great value to the reader and offers a complete revision packages for the MRCP PACES exam.
Volume 1 includes over 150 cases, covering Stations 1, 3 and 5.
Volume 2 includes 75 cases, covering Stations 2 and 4.

You won't believe what the U.S. Department of Agriculture permits farmers to inject into beef cattle, sheep, poultry, and dairy cows. After all, the faster an animal gains weight, the more quickly it can be slaughtered and sped to your dinner table. More telling yet, the USDA has mandated that organic food cannot contain added hormones, antibiotics, synthetic pesticides, irradiated components, genetically modified organisms, or reprocessed sewage.

That means non-organic foods most likely contain these additives, all of which may be detrimental to your health, or even deadly. While the government insists that residual hormones and antibiotics in food are harmless, research proves otherwise. In "Organic for Health," cancer and liver disease survivor Sandy Powers shares firsthand knowledge of antibiotics in seafood, pesticide absorption in fruits, diminished vitamin levels in vegetables, and additives that can trigger hyperactivity and asthma. And she brings the healing and restorative power of organic foods, rich in vitamins and minerals that are not over-produced by chemical agents, into sharp focus.

"Organic for Health" will convince you to avoid conventionally grown foods laden with the biggest offenders, and more important, to fill your body with the clean, potent vitamins and minerals in organic foods that truly honor your health.

Comprehensive, accessible, and grounded in case law, Occupational Health Law has been an established authority in the field for over thirty years, and continues to provide practical coverage of occupational health, incorporating changes in the legal framework to reflect the very latest developments. The sixth edition of this indispensable reference work includes substantial new information on European law, the legal and ethical duties of occupational health professionals, medical records and confidentiality, data protection, compensation for work-related injury, the gig economy, the Equality Act and disability discrimination, and much more. Covers the provision of occupational health services, the legal liability of occupational health professionals, confidentiality, health surveillance, compensation and equal opportunity legislation Includes extensively revised content which aligns with current legislation and case law Contains new chapter summaries and highlighted key information boxes throughout Occupational Health Law, Sixth Edition, is the definitive resource for occupational health and safety professionals, from nurses, physicians and safety officers to HR managers, policy makers, risk managers, and employment lawyers.

Now in its third edition, this small and accessible guide contains essential information for the safe prescribing of the most commonly used drugs in the NHS. The Top 100 Drugs combines the best elements of a students' textbook with those of a prescribers' manual. It gives equal weight to essential information on the science of pharmacology as well as the real-world practicalities of prescribing, all in an accessible and clear format. Written by leaders in the field of clinical pharmacology, this popular book has been fully revised and updated to include the drugs used today, including monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs for COVID-19. With common indications, mechanism of action, adverse effects, important interactions and a clinical tip for each drug as well as questions to test knowledge, this book is key to helping students understand everything they need to know about the drugs they are likely to use in practice. Compact and easy to follow - can be carried around on the wards Logically ordered - offers multiple ways to find the drug you are looking for A Clinical Tip for each drug, drawn from the authors' experience 100 self-assessment questions to encourage integration and revision of knowledge and understanding Fully updated to include the most commonly prescribed drugs today, based on original research led by the authors of over 1 billion community prescriptions and approximately 1 million hospital prescriptions All drug monographs extensively reviewed and updated Dedicated section emergency drugs Updated self-assessment material, now including calculation and prescription-writing questions, in addition to single-best-answer questions

In this issue of Medical Clinics of North America, guest editors Drs. Anand V. Kulkarni and K. Rajender Reddy bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Hepatology: An Update. Top experts in the field cover key topics such as NAFLD; hepatic manifestations of a systemic illness; cirrhosis and portal hypertension; hepatic encephalopathy; ICU care of the patient with cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver transplantation for the non-hepatologist; and more. Contains 15 relevant, practice-oriented topics including the global burden of chronic liver disease; the rising epidemic of alcoholic hepatitis; inpatient hepatology consultation; frailty and sarcopenia; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on hepatology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

The successful implementation of evidence into practice is dependent on aligning the available evidence to the particular context through the active ingredient of facilitation. Designed to support the widely recognised PARIHS framework, which works as a guide to plan, action and evaluate the implementation of evidence into practice, this book provides a very practical 'how-to' guide for facilitating the whole process. This text discusses: undertaking an initial diagnosis of the context and reaching a consensus on the evidence to be implemented; how to link the research evidence with clinical and patients' experience and local information in the form of audit data or patient and staff feedback; the range of diagnostic, consensus building and stakeholder consultation methods that can be helpful; a description of facilitator roles and facilitation methods, tools and techniques; some of theories that underpin the PARIHS framework and how these have been integrated to inform a revised version of PARIHS Including internationally-sourced case study examples to illustrate how the facilitation role and facilitation skills have been applied in a range of different health care settings, this is the ideal text for those interested in leading or facilitating evidence based implementation projects, from the planning stage through to evaluation.

Inhaled therapies form the cornerstone for treatment of patients with asthma and COPD. Evolving technology has resulted in availability of a wide range of devices for delivery of inhaled drugs. The four different delivery systems -- pressurized metered-dose inhalers, slow mist inhalers, dry powder inhalers, and nebulizers -- are unique in design and require distinct inhalational instructions for correct use. This book provides current information about inhalation devices, including their advantages and disadvantages, with guidance for optimal techniques of use. The book emphasizes appropriate selection of inhalation devices based on patient and health care professional factors as well as device attributes that allow selection of the right medication in the right inhalation device at the right time for the right patient. Key Features: • Addresses the objective of precision medicine – the right medication in the right inhaler device at the right time. • Inputs by international thought leaders who have published widely on inhaled medications and/or inhaled delivery systems for clinicians, trainees and respiratory therapists. • Discusses the development of audio-based systems and smart inhalers for patient monitoring.

Do you want the task of keeping up-to-date to be enjoyable rather than a chore? Do you feel that you risk losing touch with advances occurring in medical specialties other than your own? If so, then keep reading.An Insider's Guide to the Medical Specialties is written to allow physicians of all grades to absorb knowledge with the minimum of effort, and a degree of pleasure. Generalists need to be skilled in the management of the early stages of a very diverse range of conditions. Never having heard of an investigation or hanging on to dated misconceptions about a patient's prognosis can be frustrating at best, and dangerous at worst. The aim of this book is to strike a balance between refreshing old knowledge and updating the reader on significant advances that have occurred in a particular specialty. Over forty consultants and trainees have contributed to An Insider's Guide to the Medical Specialties. The content will be of interest to consultants and trainees in the medical specialties, general practitioners, and others. At times entertaining, irreverent and controversial, this is not a book to be left nestling in the pocket of a white coat or gathering dust on a shelf.

This issue of Medical Clinics, Guest Edited by Dr. Ali I. Musani MD, FCCP, is devoted to Pulmonary Disease. Articles in this issue include: Interventional Pulmonology; Pulmonary Hypertension; Lung Transplantation; Interstitial Lung Disease; Asthma; COPD; Lung Cancer; Pleural Diseases; Community Acquired Pneumonia; Orphan Lung Diseases; Palliative Care in Pulmonary Diseases; Sarcoidosis and Granulomatous Diseases of Lungs; Occupational Lung Disease; Pulmonary Embolism; Pulmonary Function Testing and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing; Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Imaging in Pulmonary Diseases (CXR, CT, PET); and Preoperative Pulmonary Evaluation.

This socially conscious, culturally relevant book explores the little-known history and present climate of Black people in the medical field. It reveals the deficiencies in the American healthcare structure that have contributed to the mismanagement of healthcare in the Black population, and examines cross-currents that intersect with the major events in minority medical history. Illustrated across 10 expertly written chapters, this text features a longitudinal timeline with the presentation of evidence-based information drawn from historical, political, and clinical sources. The book begins with an analysis of diseases particularly prevalent in the Black community due to socioeconomic inequalities in available medical care. These diseases include sickle cell anemia, hypertension, heart failure, drug addiction, and HIV/AIDS. Bolstered by profiles of historically well-known Black physicians, stories of success in medical education, and the remarkable impact of Black medical organizations, subsequent chapters address the triumphs and tribulations of the Black medical professional in America. Concluding with an examination of the current health status of Black people in the United States, the book makes a case for future systemic improvements in healthcare delivery to minority communities. A unique, noteworthy reference, Blacks in Medicine: Clinical, Demographic, and Socioeconomic Correlations is written for a broad range of physicians and health providers, as well as professionals in the social sciences and public health.

Can you adapt to the wide variety of learning environments in medicine? Can you show your best abilities in the exams at the same time as learning to be a doctor? Can you balance your studies with an enjoyable social life? Can you develop your professionalism and manage your 'digital footprint'? How to Succeed at Medical School will help you learn these vital skills, and much more. Written by experienced medical school teachers and packed full of case studies, illustrations, quotes from other students, tip boxes, exercises, portfolios and learning techniques to help you communicate, study and revise - it s an essential resource to help you thrive at medical school. This thoroughly updated second edition includes new chapters on Professionalism and Teaching, and provides invaluable insight into what to expect from the start of medical school right through to the start of your medical career.

Advances in Clinical Chemistry, Volume 88, the latest installment in this internationally acclaimed series, contains chapters authored by world-renowned clinical laboratory scientists, physicians and research scientists. The serial discusses the latest and most up-to-date technologies related to the field of clinical chemistry, and is the benchmark for novel analytical approaches in the clinical laboratory.