What disease is and how it affects humans is the focus of this primer. Designed to cover the basics of communicable and non-communicable diseases, the book provides a framework for understanding the major health problems in our society. Hurster uses the Biological Laws of Disease to frame each discussion and to demonstrate how these laws relate to the prepathogenesis and pathogenesis stages of the natural history of any disease. Considerable attention is given to the roles of the individual, the community, and the government in bringing about behavior change with respect to disease prevention, detection, control, and management.

Alcohol, Drugs, Genes and the Clinical Laboratory provides an overview and quick reference to genetic relationships and clinical laboratory information related to the serious public health issue of alcohol and drug abuse. Written in a clear and concise manner, this book discusses the necessary information for health and safety professionals working in public health to learn about complex issues quickly to better help their patients, employees, and others affected by alcohol and drug abuse. Alcohol, Drugs, Genes and the Clinical Laboratory covers the important aspects of drugs and alcohol abuse including genetic aspects along with laboratory methods for analysis of alcohol and abused drugs with emphasis on false positive test results. The book is helpful to healthcare professionals, such as pathologists who oversee alcohol and drug testing, emergency room physicians, family practice physicians who are first healthcare professionals who identify patients susceptible to drug and alcohol abuse, and psychiatrists involved with drug and alcohol rehabilitation programs. It will also be useful to safety professionals who have to assess individuals for workplace responsibilities, ranging from police and recruitment to occupational safety and occupational medicine and public health officials.

In 2012 we received a grant from the Veterans Health Administration Office of Specialty Care entitled, "Patient-Centered Model for the Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." The grant's goals were to enhance the recognition and diagnosis of COPD and implement a Patient-Centered Model for the Management of COPD. As the work on that proposal progressed, we realized that providers did not have an up-to-date, comprehensive, easily read, "how to" manual for the management of COPD despite all the advances in COPD care that have occurred over the past 5 years. Consensus documents such as the VA-DOD Guidelines were abbreviated summaries that were rarely used. From those discussions, the concept for this volume, a COPD Primer, developed. The goal was to develop a practical book that concisely presented COPD to providers with sufficient background and explanation of the physiologic and scientific rationale for various management strategies without becoming an esoteric academic work. We hope that this COPD Primer has achieved that goal and will be a useful, practical text for practitioners and medical trainees alike. The COPD Primer begins with an examination of what COPD is; it is really a syndrome, a constellation of historical features and clinical, physiologic, and radiographic findings. However, those elements come together in many different ways to create multiple different COPD phenotypes that are only now being recognized and used to define specific management strategies. COPD research has progressed beyond the simple classification of "blue bloaters" and "pink puffers." Next, the epidemiology and economic consequences of COPD are reviewed. Bill Eschenbacher presents an approach to the patient with respiratory symptoms with detailed discussions of pulmonary function testing and how airflow limitation/obstruction is identified by spirometry and the use of lung imaging to identify individuals with COPD. Michael Borchers and Gregory Motz summarize current evidence implicating genetics, proteolytic imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation, occupational and environmental exposures, and innate and adaptive immune function in the pathogenesis of COPD and the implication of these findings to future treatments. The single most important intervention in the prevention and treatment of COPD is smoking cessation. Shari Altum, Katherine Butler, and Rachel Juran present a practical approach to smoking cessation utilizing motivational interviewing in combination with pharmacologic interventions. Then, they expand upon these concepts to provide practitioners with convenient, realistic suggestions to encourage patient self-management in all aspects of COPD care and overall health. Ahsan Zafar reviews the natural history, recently described COPD phenotypes, and gender differences that clearly illustrate the broad spectrum of disease that comprises the term, COPD. The cover illustration highlights Dr. Zafar's creative and artistic talents. The extensive nonpulmonary aspects of COPD are reviewed by Ralph Panos in an examination of COPD's multi-organ manifestations. Next, the effect of COPD on sleep and the overlap syndrome, the concurrence of COPD and obstructive sleep apnea, and its consequences are presented. Jean Elwing examines the effect of COPD on the pulmonary vasculature with a detailed discussion of the evaluation and management of pulmonary hypertension associated with COPD. COPD's effects on psychosocial functioning and familial interactions are presented by Mary Panos and Ralph Panos. The focus of the Primer then shifts from manifestations to treatment with a discussion of stable COPD management. With the current plethora of devices for delivering respiratory medications, it is difficult for both patients and providers to sustain knowledge of their proper use. Aaron Mulhall presents a practical guide to correct inhaler use that reviews all the current devices. Folarin Sogbetun then reviews the management of outpatient COPD exacerbations and Nishant Gupta discusses the approach to the patient hospitalized with COPD. Because patients with COPD often see multiple subspecialty physicians in addition to their primary care providers, interdisciplinary communication and coordination of care is essential for their management; Sara Krzywkowski-Mohn reviews the interactions between primary and specialty care for the patient with COPD with suggestions for improved communication and care coordination. Finally, advance care planning including palliative care and hospice is reviewed with a discussion of how end stage COPD affects not only the patient but also their family and social network. This COPD Primer incorporates the knowledge that we have learned over the past several years during the development and implementation of a patient-centered model for the management of COPD. It was written with the explicit goal of assisting both the practicing provider and medical trainee in the care of patients with COPD.

When people seek psychological support, formulation is the theory-driven methodology used by many practitioners to guide identification of the processes, mechanisms, and patterns of behaviour that appear to be contributing to the presenting difficulties. However, the process of formulating - or applying psychological theory to practice - can often seem unclear. In this volume, we present multiple demonstrations of formulation in action - written by applied psychologists embedded in clinical training, research, and practice. The volume covers a range of contemporary approaches to formulation and therapy that have not been considered in extant works, and includes unique sections offering critical counter-perspectives and commentaries on each approach (and its application) by authors working from alternative theoretical positions.

Metabolomics and Microbiomics: Personalized Medicine from the Fetus to the Adult encompasses the most recent advances on the usage of metabolomics and microbiome research to improve disease diagnosis and healthcare. Medicine is changing from epidemiologic, descriptive, reductionist, and reactive approaches to individualized, predictive, and holistic ones by applying microbiomics to understand the functionality of the human body. The book discusses topics such as systems biology approaches, omics technologies, perinatal programming, and personalized medicine. It also discusses the ethical implications of microbiomics research and new pathways of research, such as renal regenerative medicine, gender medicine in perinatology, and animals and the science of healing. The book is a valuable resource for medical professionals and researchers in metabolomics, nutrition, microbiology, and personalized-predictive medicine. The book also will appeal to non-specialized professionals who may take advantage of its captivating and simple language.

Clinical Research Computing: A Practitioner's Handbook deals with the nuts-and-bolts of providing informatics and computing support for clinical research. The subjects that the practitioner must be aware of are not only technological and scientific, but also organizational and managerial. Therefore, the author offers case studies based on real life experiences in order to prepare the readers for the challenges they may face during their experiences either supporting clinical research or supporting electronic record systems. Clinical research computing is the application of computational methods to the broad field of clinical research. With the advent of modern digital computing, and the powerful data collection, storage, and analysis that is possible with it, it becomes more relevant to understand the technical details in order to fully seize its opportunities.

In this issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Amrita Sethi brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Submucosal and Third Space Endoscopy. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is now recognized as one of the preferred treatment modalities for premalignant gastrointestinal epithelial lesions and early gastric cancer without lymph node metastasis. ESD techniques require advanced skills, and this issue brings together top experts in the field who provide the information endoscopists need to improve these skills. Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including building the toolbox of devices to optimize a practice in submucosal endoscopy; understanding the principles of electrocautery for submucosal endoscopy; endoscopic submucosal dissection in the colon and rectum; techniques for peroral endoscopic myotomy, from mouth to anus; management of adverse events of submucosal endoscopy; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on submucosal and third space endoscopy, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

This is a comprehensive review manual designed to prepare physical therapist assistant students for the National Physical Therapist Assistant Exam (NPTAE). With questions similar in style to the National Exam, reflecting the current scenario format, all content has been researched by the authors for accuracy and relevance.

This book provides an overview of multiple facets of ageing and its evolving dynamics in various Indian states. It elaborates on key dimensions like health, dependence and disability, as well as living arrangements for the elderly. Drawing on information from National Sample Surveys to offer readers a broader and richer understanding of the evolving demographic reality in India, the book addresses a range of detailed policies and programmes for the elderly in India. Given its scope, the book is essential reading for students and researchers in the fields of sociology, demography, economics and development studies. It also offers a valuable reference guide for anyone engaged in planning and policy formulation for social security, welfare of the aged or mainstreaming ageing concerns.

The clinical approaches to the chronic degenerative diseases that drain our resources, and compromise our well-being, have become almost exclusively symptom-focused. The common wisdom is that they are idiopathic with final outcomes to be managed rather than prevented or cured. That they are potentially reversible rarely enters any discussion between doctor and patient. Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5: Treatment Options of Chemical Sensitivity, the final volume of this set, offers a much different perspective on chronic degenerative disease; one that disputes the idiopathic label attached to most, as well as the usual fatalistic prognosis.

With increasing urgency, decisions about the digitalized future of healthcare and implementations of new assistive technologies are becoming focal points of societal and scientific debates and addresses large audiences. Decisions require a careful weighing of risks and benefits and contextualizing in-depth ethical analysis with robust empirical data. However, up to now, research on social assistive technologies is mostly dispersed over different academic fields and disciplines. A comprehensive overview on discussions regarding values at stake and ethical assessment of recent developments especially in healthcare is largely missing. This publication initiates an interdisciplinary discourse on ethical, legal and social implications of socially assistive technologies in healthcare. Contributions include perspectives from nursing science, social sciences, philosophy, medical ethics, economics and law to present an - to our knowledge - first and comprehensive overview on different aspects of the use and implementation of socially assistive technologies from an ethical perspective. It combines practically relevant insights and examples from current research and development with ethical analysis to uncover exemplary moral tipping points between promotion of participation or well-being and risks and damages to these values. Healthcare professionals involved in implementation of smart technologies as well as scholars from the field of humanities, nursing and medicine, interested in the discussions on ethics and technology in healthcare, will benefit from this new contribution. The publication is part of the international DigitAs conference "Aging between Participation and Simulation - Ethical Dimensions of Socially Assistive Technologies" held at the Institute of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine (Ruhr University Bochum) from 4 February to 8 February 2019. Within this framework, twelve young scholars were invited to discuss their contributions with renowned experts in the field. The Institute of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine is one of the leading institutes in empirically informed ethical analysis in healthcare and medicine and is a member of the European Association of Centres of Medical Ethics (EACME).

The respiratory tract has been used to deliver biologically active chemicals into the human body for centuries. However, the lungs are complex in their anatomy and physiology, which poses challenges to drug delivery. Inhaled formulations are generally more sophisticated than those for oral and parenteral administration. Pulmonary drug development is therefore a highly specialized area because of its many unique issues and challenges. Rapid progress is being made and offers novel solutions to existing treatment problems. Advances in Pulmonary Drug Delivery highlights the latest developments in this field.

The scope and significance of cytoplasmic inheritance has been the subject of one of the longest controversies in the history of genetics. In the first major book on the history of this subject, Jan Sapp analyses the persistent attempts of investigators of non-Mendelian inheritance to establish their claims, in the face of strong resistance from nucleo-centric geneticists and classical neo-Darwinians. A new perspective on the history of genetics is offered, as he explores the oppositions which have shaped theoretical thinking about heredity and evolution throughout the century: materialism/vitalism, reductionism/holism, preformation/epigenesis, neo-Darwinism/neo-Lamarckism, gradualism/saltationism.

Change is an inherent feature of all aspects of clinical practice and patient management. This book seeks to contribute to presenting novel knowledge in various fields of clinical work. The articles tackle transdisciplinary topics and focus on the underlying mechanisms of clinical disorders, their prevention and management. The themes addressed include allergy and pseudoallergy in the pediatric population, influenza-related infections and their sequelae, which continues to be a scourge in the developing world, the risk of lung cancer repeats and their management, viral hepatitis that may lead to hepatocarcinoma, respiratory consequences of diaphragmatic hernias, disorders of steroid hormone metabolism, and others. The articles bring the updated strategies, research, and best practices to improve outcomes and to deliver state-of-the-art clinical care to patients. The book will be of interest to physicians, academic scientists, and researchers who are keen in sharing the latest medical practice developments.

This new volume of "Methods in Enzymology" continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods in biomineralization science, and includes sections on such topics as determining solution chemistry, structure and nucleation; probing structure and dynamics at surfaces; and interfaces mapping biomineral and morphology and ultrastructure.
Continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field Covers research methods in biomineralization scienceContains sections on such topics as and includes sections on such topics as determining solution chemistry, structure and nucleation; probing structure and dynamics at surfaces; and interfaces mapping biomineral and morphology and ultrastructure

The first edition of Genomics and Clinical Medicine provided an overview of genomics-based advances in disease susceptibility, diagnosis, and prediction of treatment outcomes in various areas of medicine. Since its publication, the science of genomics has made tremendous progress, and exciting new developments in biotechnology and bioinformatics have created possibilities that were inconceivable only a few years ago. This completely revised second edition of Genomic Medicine reflects the rapidly changing face of applied and translational genomics in the medical and health context and provides a comprehensive coverage of principles of genetics and genomics relevant to the practice of medicine. The first section lays foundation to the practice of genomic medicine. New chapters in this section include bioinformatics, proteomics, microbial genomics and genomic education. Detailed discussions of genetic/genomic testing and screening and the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) crucially address genethics and genomethics in the practice of Genomic Medicine. The second section includes clinical practice oriented chapters highlighting genomic applications (array comparative genomic hybridization, exome genome sequencing and new generation generation sequencing) in clinical diagnosis of congenital developmental malformations, Mendelian genetic disorders, and complex cardiovascular, neuro-psychiatric, ophthalmic, dermatologic, inflammatory and pediatric disorders. Separate chapters discuss microbial genomics with emphasis on the role of genomics in targeted antimicrobial therapy and development of genomic class of new vaccines. New developments in gene/ cell-based somatic therapy, regenerative medicine and targeted molecular therapy are discussed in respective chapters. All chapters are thoroughly indexed and supported by a carefully compiled glossary relevant to genetic and genomic medicine.

This issue of Foot and Ankle Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Maurizio De Pellegrin, will discuss Advances in Foot Ankle Deformity in the Child. This issue is one of four selected each year by long-time series Consulting Editor, Dr. Mark Myerson. Topics in this issue will include: The treatment of recurrent congenital clubfoot, The foot in Cerebral palsy, The foot in neurologic disorders, The surgical treatment of Brachymetatarsia, The treatment of neglected clubfoot, Talectomy in severe neglected clubfoot, The overcorrected clubfoot in children, Subtalar Arthroereisis for surgical treatment of flexible flatfoot, Juvenile Hallux valgus, Ilizarov technique in severe pediatric foot disorders, Benign and malignant tumors in the child foot and ankle, Surgical treatment of Calcaneo-navicular and of Talocalcaneal coalitions, and Congenital vertical talus, Bony Procedures for correction of flatfoot deformity, and Surgical treatment of complex Coalitions.

Clinical medicine, as a thinking discipline, is concerned not only with what clinicians do, but why. When physicians act in medicine they have some purpose or goal in mind. What they actually do and how they go about it is in the service of their purposes and their goals. Such goals cover a wide range of topics centering on patients, the doctor-patient relationship, the acts of doctoring patients, and the goals involved in being a physician among other physicians working within the institutions of medicine. The Nature of Clinical Medicine takes its direction from a catalog of goals of medicine that range from the expected diagnosis and treatment of diseases to wider concerns for patients, for physicians, and for medicine itself. The chapters are specific in teaching the kinds of knowledge that clinicians require in order to be able to achieve these goals. The central focus of the clinician and of this book is the patient. According to Eric Cassell, everything else, including the disease, is secondary. Using many examples from real-life medical practice, each chapter examines the different kinds of thought involved in caring for the patient. Cassell takes on a variety of difficult issues, from thinking about values to developing wisdom. The care of the dying, what thinking itself is, and finally, why would one want to do this exciting and rewarding but difficult work, come under discussion in this book.

This book helps to recognize the rights of refugees and provides a framework to identify and approach health needs, from basic elements like service mapping and initial interventions to more complex elements of ongoing healthcare and support and broader topics such as migration public health, migration policy and health systems. Beyond biomedical frameworks, it draws on socio-ecological models to inform assessments and integrated models of care to improve health and health equity. Set out in three comprehensive sections: public health theory (Part 1), applied public health (Part 2), and clinical approaches (Part 3), this book draws on multiple disciplines and insights from humanitarians, academics, policy experts, and clinicians from diverse contexts, with expertise in forced migration, to create an accessible reference tool to inform healthcare professionals' interactions with forcibly displaced individuals and populations in all contexts for both high and low resource countries. Apart from providing information across the spectrum of health issues, clinical specialties and global contexts, it discusses associated areas, including human rights and law, public health, medical anthropology and cultural awareness. Key Features: Bridges the gap between existing academic literature on refugee health and guidelines for health management in humanitarian emergencies Helps to develop an integrated approach to healthcare provision, allowing healthcare professionals and humanitarians to adapt their specialist knowledge for use in forced migration contexts and with refugees. Recognizes the complex and interconnected needs in displacement scenarios and identifies holistic and systems-based approaches. Covers public health theory, applied public health and clinical aspects of forced migration.

The MRCP PACES examination is a highly sought-after qualification worldwide and an essential part of postgraduate medical training in the UK. Fully up-to-date with the current exam format, the Pack also reflects the recent changes to Station 5. In each of these two volumes, the authors include clinical cases which mimic the style and approach of the MRCP PACES exam. These sample cases equip the reader attempting the exam with the skills and knowledge necessary for success, and provide an overview of evidence-based medicine for competency-based training. Across both volumes, the authors explore all aspects of the candidate's performance, from clinical examination, to presentation, communication and medical ethics and up-to-date clinical evidence.
This two-volume pack represents great value to the reader and offers a complete revision packages for the MRCP PACES exam.
Volume 1 includes over 150 cases, covering Stations 1, 3 and 5.
Volume 2 includes 75 cases, covering Stations 2 and 4.

Developments in biochemistry have contributed immensely to the rate at which medical knowledge has expended in recent years. Following the GMC recommendations regarding undergraduate medical education, Biochemistry for Clinical Medicine integrates, in a single volume, all aspects of biochemistry required by a medical student, with a special focus on information specific to medicine as opposed to laboratory-based biochemistry. The first section of the book provides an understanding of basic cell biology and the critical concepts of membrane transport, cellular energetics, information storage, transmission and expression, as well as describing the essential chemistry and metabolism of cellular biomolecules and the clinical conditions that arise from disturbances in their metabolism. The second section adopts a systems-based approach to present clinical biochemistry in an easily readable and concise manner, using tables and clear diagrams to summarise important facts, as well as providing information on the biochemical basis of good nutrition.

MRI in Practice continues to be the number one reference book and study guide for the registry review examination for MRI offered by the American Registry for Radiologic Technologists (ARRT). This latest edition offers in-depth chapters covering all core areas, including: basic principles, image weighting and contrast, spin and gradient echo pulse sequences, spatial encoding, k-space, protocol optimization, artefacts, instrumentation, and MRI safety. The leading MRI reference book and study guide. Now with a greater focus on the physics behind MRI. Offers, for the first time, equations and their explanations and scan tips. Brand new chapters on MRI equipment, vascular imaging and safety. Presented in full color, with additional illustrations and high-quality MRI images to aid understanding. Includes refined, updated and expanded content throughout, along with more learning tips and practical applications. Features a new glossary. MRI in Practice is an important text for radiographers, technologists, radiology residents, radiologists, and other students and professionals working within imaging, including medical physicists and nurses.

Assisted reproduction techniques have led to the birth of 8 million babies worldwide Assisted reproduction techniques (ART), in particular in-vitro fertilization and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection, are the most advanced forms of infertility treatment. They involve numerous counseling, medical, surgical and laboratory-based steps. At each step various problems and complications could be encountered that challenge even the most experienced ART practitioners. Moreover, patients with complex medical disorders may require ART, presenting further challenges. Assisted Reproduction Techniques will stimulate resourceful thinking in the ART practitioner when faced with these challenges. It outlines various management options, the reasoning behind them, and the evidence on which they are based to enable the practitioner to choose the most suitable solution for the needs of each patient. Written by 171 internationally renowned experts, Assisted Reproduction Techniques follows the patient's journey throughout the whole ART process, with chapters on: Counseling and preparation Pituitary suppression and ovarian stimulation Oocyte retrieval Embryo transfer The luteal phase The ART laboratory The male patient The ART pregnancy General and organizational issues Each of the 116 concise chapters includes clinical cases, background, evidence-based practical management options, preventive measures, key-point summaries of the important details and answers to questions patients ask. Assisted Reproduction Techniques first edition has established its place as a "must read" for ART trainees and practitioners alike, and in this second edition all chapters have been updated, with the addition of new ones addressing training issues, organizational and business skills, and social media use in ART.

This new edition of this standard has been extensively revised to serve the ever-increasing number of investigators who, with only a year or so of statistical training, are performing sophisticated statistical analyses on computers. It provides sound statistical methodology, practical advice on the application of this methodology, and information relating the statistics to computer manipulation and output.