"Conflicts in Interpretation" applies novel methods of constraint interaction, derived from connectionist theories and implemented in linguistics within the framework of Optimality Theory, to core semantic and pragmatic issues such as polysemy, negation, (in)definiteness, focus, anaphora, and rhetorical structure. It explores the hypothesis that a natural language grammar is a set of potentially conflicting constraints on forms and meanings. Moreover, it hypothesizes that competent language users not only optimize from an input form to the optimal output meaning for this form, or vice versa, but also consider the opposite direction of optimization, thus taking into account the speaker as a hearer and taking into account the hearer as a speaker. The book aims to show that such a bidirectional constraint-based grammar sheds new light on the relation between form and meaning, within a sentence as well as across sentence boundaries, within a single language as well as across languages, and within competent adult language users as well as during language development. An important dimension of the book is the structured investigation of issues at the interface of semantics with syntax and pragmatics, such as the effects of distinguishing between speaker's perspective and hearer's perspective in comprehension and production, stable and instable patterns of form and meaning across languages, and the development of a coherent pattern of form and meaning in children. The book will be of interest to any researcher or advanced student in linguistics, cognitive science, language typology, or psycholinguistics who is interested in the capacity of our human mind to map meaning onto form, and form onto meaning.

Winner of the Anna Balakian Prize 2016 Is poetry lost in translation, or is it perhaps the other way around? Is it found? Gained? Won? What happens when a poet decides to give his favorite Russian poems a new life in English? Are the new texts shadows, twins or doppelgangers of their originals-or are they something completely different? Does the poet resurrect himself from the death of the author by reinterpreting his own work in another language, or does he turn into a monster: a bilingual, bicultural centaur? Alexandra Berlina, herself a poetry translator and a 2012 Barnstone Translation Prize laureate, addresses these questions in this new study of Joseph Brodsky, whose Nobel-prize-winning work has never yet been discussed from this perspective.

Investigating an important field within translation studies, Community Translation addresses the specific context, characteristics and needs of translation in and for communities. Traditional classifications in the fields of discourse and genre are of limited use to the field of translation studies, as they overlook the social functions of translation. Instead, this book argues for a classification that cuts across traditional lines, based on the social dimensions of translation and the relationships between text producers and audiences. Community Translation discusses the different types of texts produced by public authorities, services and individuals for communities that need to be translated into minority languages, and the socio-cultural issues that surround them. In this way, this book demonstrates the vital role that community translation plays in ensuring communication with all citizens and in the empowerment of minority language speakers by giving them access to information, enabling them to participate fully in society.

This exciting new book explores the present relevance of translation theory to practice. A range of perspectives provides both current theoretical insights into the relevance of theory to translation and also offers first-hand experiences of applying appropriate strategies and methods to the practice and description of translation. The individual chapters in the book explore theoretical pronouncements and practical observations grouped in topics that include theory and creativity, translation and its relation with linguistics, gender issues and more. The book features four parts: it firstly deals with how theories from both within translation studies and from other disciplines can contribute to our understanding of the practice of translation; secondly, how theory can be reconceptualized from examining translation in practice; thirdly reconceptualizingpractice from theory; and finally Eastern European and Asian perspectives of how translation theory and practice inform one another. The chapters all show examples from theoretical and practical as well as pedagogical issues ensuring appeal for a wide readership. This book will appeal to advanced level students, researchers and academics in translation studies.

This volume considers how the act through which historians interpret the past can be understood as one of epistemological and cognitive translation. The book convincingly argues that words, images, and historical and archaeological remains can all be considered as objects deserving the same treatment on the part of historians, whose task consists exactly in translating their past meanings into present language. It goes on to examine the notion that this act of translation is also an act of synchronization which connects past, present, and future, disrupting and resetting time, as well as creating complex temporalities differing from any linear chronology. Using a broad, deep interpretation of translation, History as a Translation of the Past brings together an international cast of scholars working on different periods to show how their respective approaches can help us to better understand and translate the past in the future.

This book explores the interaction between corpus stylistics and translation studies. It shows how corpus methods can be used to compare literary texts to their translations, through the analysis of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and four of its Italian translations. The comparison focuses on stylistic features related to the major themes of Heart of Darkness. By combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, Mastropierro discusses how alterations to the original's stylistic features can affect the interpretation of the themes in translation. The discussion illuminates the manipulative effects that translating can have on the reception of a text, showing how textual alterations can trigger different readings. This book advances the multidisciplinary dialogue between corpus linguistics and translation studies and is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the application of corpus approaches to stylistics and translation.

contains academic papers by rising scholars trained in the United Kingdom.