This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the technological applications of these fascinating materials. It introduces sources, structures, properties, and food uses, and describes gums in non-food areas, their applications and their multi-disciplinary contribution to these fields, as well as examples of their uses.

In chemical engineering and related fields, a unit operation is a basic step in a process. For example in milk processing, homogenization, pasteurization, chilling, and packaging are each unit operations which are connected to create the overall process. A process may have many unit operations to obtain the desired product. The book will cover many different unit operations as they apply to food processing.

Environmental issues are of increasing concern to the food industry, as consumers and legislators have forced manufacturers to become more aware of the environmental consequences of their operations. The second edition of this book has incorporated recent developments in Europe, such as energy conservation, pollution control and recycling of packaging waste, and the impact of these issues on the cost and practicalities of implementing an environmental policy.

Completely up-to-date and organized for easy use, this one-of-a-kind reference integrates basic concepts with hands-on techniques for food dehydration. It discusses a wide range of scientific and technical information, from the physical, chemical, and microbiological changes in food dehydration to its packaging aspects.

Agriculture and food systems, forestry, the marine and the bio-based sectors are at the very heart of the climate change crisis. Evidence on climate change reveals that it will affect farming first, through changes to rainfall regimes, rising temperatures, the variability and seasonality of the climate and the occurrence of more frequent extreme events (heatwaves, droughts, storms and floods). In addition to findings ways to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, farmers will need to develop farming systems resilient to fluctuating environmental and socioeconomic conditions. It is thus a great challenge to support ambitious climate targets while satisfying the needs for food, feed, bio-based products and energy for a global population projected to reach 10 billion by 2030. Few books on the market integrate environment studies and climate-smart food production. This book fills the knowledge gap by covering all the relevant aspects in one reference: starting with microclimate management, climate change and food systems, and resilience of mixed farming and agroforestry systems, chapters address agricultural soil management, integrated water management in small agricultural catchments, citizen-driven food system approaches in cities, and ICT-enabled agri-food systems. By focusing on the most recent advances in the field while analyzing the potential of already applied practices, this book can serve as a handbook for regulators and researchers looking to understand all aspects of food production and distribution in this changing environment.

This book provides an up-to-date overview of the economic, chemical, physical, analytical and engineering aspects of the subject, gathering together information which would otherwise be scattered over a wide variety of sources.

Nutrients have been recognized as essential for maximum growth, successful reproduction, and infection prevention since the 1940s; since that time, the lion's share of nutrient research has focused on defining their role in these processes. Around 1990, however, a major shift began in the way that researchers viewed some nutrients particularly the vitamins. This shift was motivated by the discovery that modest declines in vitamin nutritional status are associated with an increased risk of ill-health and disease (such as neural tube defects, heart disease, and cancer), especially in those populations or individuals who are genetically predisposed. In an effort to expand upon this new understanding of nutrient action, nutritionists are increasingly turning their focus to the mathematical modeling of nutrient kinetic data. The availability of suitably-tagged (isotope) nutrients (such as B-carotene, vitamin A, folate, among others), sensitive analytical methods to trace them in humans (mass spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry), and powerful software (capable of solving and manipulating differential equations efficiently and accurately), has allowed researchers to construct mathematical models aimed at characterizing the dynamic and kinetic behavior of key nutrients in vivo in humans at an unparalleled level of detail."

This book covers the progress of the last 10 years of studies on cocoa butter. Descriptions of several aspects, including physical characteristics such as rheology, hardness, melt profiles, etc., studied by new and advanced techniques are included. Similarly, the polymorphism of cocoa butter is reconsidered in light of studies done by synchrotron DSC, FTIR, and SAXS techniques. These data are complemented by new understandings on the cause of the crystallization and transitions of the polymorphs. Other aspects such as the effect of minor components, emulsifiers, and other fats are discussed in great detail in this book.

Following its predecessor, the second edition of Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition presents exhaustive coverage of amino acids in the nutrition, metabolism and health of humans and other animals. Substantially revised, expanded and updated to reflect scientific advances, this book introduces the basic principles of amino acid biochemistry and nutrition, while highlighting the current knowledge of the field and its future possibilities. The book begins with the basic chemical concepts of amnio acids, peptides and proteins, and their digestion and absorption. Subsequent chapters cover cell-, tissue-, and species-specific synthesis and catabolism of amino acids and related bioactive metabolites, and the use of isotopes to study amino acids metabolism in cells and the body. The book details protein turnover, physiological functions of amino acids, as well as both the regulation and inborn errors of amino acid metabolism. The book concludes with a presentation on human and animal dietary requirements of amino acids and evaluates dietary protein quality. Features: Encompasses a comprehensive coverage of basic to applied concepts in amino acid metabolism in humans and other animals. Highlights important roles of dietary amino acids and protein intake in growth, physical performance and health, including sarcopenia mitigation and immunity. Discusses concerns over the excess intakes of amino acids or protein in the development of diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, diabetes and cancers, as well as bone integrity Each chapter contains select references to provide comprehensive reviews and original experimental data on the topics discussed. Each chapter is backed by original experimental data on various topics discussed and contains select references to aid the reader further in research. Written by Distinguished Professor of Animal Nutrition, Guoyao Wu, Ph.D., this book is an authoritative reference for students and researchers in both biomedicine and agriculture.

In 1980, the American Soybean Association and the American Oil Chemists' Society jointly published the Handbook of Soy Oil Processing and Utilization. This new Practical Handbook of Soybean Processing and Utilization is intended to provide a single source of practical information on the subject to an international audience. It is designed not only to revise and update the content of the original Handbook on soy oil but also to expand the content to include all soybean products.

This book acknowledges the importance of fats and oils and surveys today's state-of-the-art technology. To pursue food technology without knowing the raw material would mean working in a vacuum. This book describes the raw materials predominantly employed and the spectrum of processes used today. It is the updated and revised English version of Nahrungsfette und Ole, originally printed in German. It contains 283 tables, 647+ figures, and over 850 references. "If you can afford only one book on oils and fats, their composition, processing and use, then this should probably be the one!"

A staple food for thousands of years in the Mediterranean region, olive oil is now becoming popular all over the world. Olive oil has several unique characteristics that set it apart from other vegetable oils. Recent research suggests that olive oil produces many healthful benefits, including reduced risk of coronary heart disease. This second edition of Olive Oil includes new material from contributors and additional chapters that explore the most important aspects of chemistry, technology, quality, analysis and biological importance of olive oil. The topics selected will provide the reader with a solid background that will inspire and facilitate future research.

Since the publication of the first edition in 1992, the bleaching process has continued to attract the attention of researchers and the edible-oil industry. In this second edition, readers are directed to modern techniques of trace-metal analysis, including flame-atomic adsorption, graphite furnace atomic adsorption, and atomic emission spectrometry involving direct current plasma (DCP) and inductively coupled Plasma (ICP). The book discusses the Freundlich Equation and reports on high-temperature water extraction, high- temperature oxidative aqueous regeneration, and extraction with supercritical CO2. Various degumming methods improved over the past several decades are also discussed.

Featuring recognized academic and industrial experts in this cutting-edge field, this book reviews single cell oils (SCO) currently in the market. The text mainly focuses on the production of the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, Arachidonic acid, and Docosahexaenoinc acid. All chapters provide up to date references for navigating the vast amount of historic data available in the field. The authors provide real world examples of the commercial development and applications of various SCO in a variety of fields, from food ingredients and disease treatment to aquaculture and fish farming. The highlight of the book is perhaps the first chapter in which Colin Ratledge, a world renowned expert in SCO and lipid biochemistry, gives an interesting and informative overview on the history of SCO development, together with his perspectives on the future of this industry in light of competition arising from genetically modified plant oils. Zvi Cohen, a renowned expert in PUFA-producing microalgae, describes some of his metabolic studies on PUFA production and TAG biosynthesis. Chapter 10 deals with EPA-producing microalgae and some cultivation strategies for their large scale production. This chapter includes a number of tables summarizing the various organisms under investigation which I found to be of great use. Since the development of EPA single cell oils is still in its infancy, this chapter is quite helpful for researchers thinking along those lines.

Food can rapidly spoil due to growth of microorganisms, and traditional methods of food preservation such as drying, canning, salting, curing, and chemical preservation can affect the quality of the food. Nowadays, various non-thermal processing techniques can be employed in grain processing industries to combat this. They include pulsed electric field processing, high pressure processing, ultrasonic processing, cold plasma processing, and more. Such techniques will satisfy consumer demand for delivering wholesome food products to the market. Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Grain Industry addresses these many new non-thermal food processing techniques that are used during grain processing and minimize microbial contamination and spoilage. Key Features: Explains the mechanism involved in application of cold plasma techniques for grain processing, and its strategy for inactivation of microbes by using this technique Deals with the effect of incorporation of electric pulses on quality aspects of various grain based beverage products. Details the innovative high pressure processing techniques used for extraction of antioxidant from food grains Explores the safety issues and applications of non-thermal food processing techniques This book will benefit food scientists, food process engineers, academicians, students, as well as anyone else in the food industry by providing in-depth knowledge and emerging trends about non-thermal processing techniques in various grain-based food processing industries.

The single most important task of food scientists and the food industry as a whole is to ensure the safety of foods supplied to consumers. Recent trends in global food production, distribution and preparation call for increased emphasis on hygienic practices at all levels and for increased research in food safety in order to ensure a safer global food supply. The ISEKI-Food book series is a collection of books where various aspects of food safety and environmental issues are introduced and reviewed by scientists specializing in the field. In all of the books a special emp- sis was placed on including case studies applicable to each specific topic. The books are intended for graduate students and senior level undergraduate students as well as professionals and researchers interested in food safety and environmental issues applicable to food safety. The idea and planning of the books originates from two working groups in the European thematic network "ISEKI-Food" an acronym for "Integrating Safety and Environmental Knowledge In to Food Studies." Participants in the ISEKI-Food network come from 29 countries in Europe and most of the institutes and univer- ties involved with Food Science education at the university level are represented. Some international companies and non teaching institutions have also participated in the program. The ISEKI-Food network is coordinated by Professor Cristina Silva at The Catholic University of Portugal, College of Biotechnology (Escola) in Porto. The program has a web site at: http: //www. esb. ucp. pt/iseki/.

Includes extensive information on the use of innovative or emerging technologies aiming to promote circular exploitation systems. Promotes the full use of the cereal and non-cereal sourdough metabolites. Covers the functionality of sourdough microorganisms and functional compounds and future exploitation of some of them in the field of nutraceuticals or functional foods

Reports on waste valorization in the winemaking industry and converting the waste into more useful products including oils, antioxidants and other valuable materials. Explores research which contributes to environmental sustainability and circular economy in the winemaking industry. Describes other ways to reduce the ecological footprint of the wine industry such as using less fertilizer, more benign pesticides and reduction of water footprint. Proposes options for a potential wine waste biorefining. Reviews alternative uses of agro-industrial wine wastes as sources of additives for the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

The book provides essential information on some of the promising edible medicinal plants and how these possess both nutritional as well as therapeutic value. The significance of the edible plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of their chemical constituents are discussed systematically concerning the role of these plants in ethnomedicine in different regions of the world. The current volume deals with the individual plants' phytochemical and pharmacological properties, emphasizing human health. The title would demonstrate the value of natural edible plants and introduce readers to state-of-the-art developments and trends in omics-driven research. This book is a single-source scientific reference to explore the specific factors that contribute to these potential health benefits and discuss how to maximize those potential benefits. Chemists, food technologists, pharmacologists, phytochemists, and all professionals involved with quality control and standardization will find in this book a valuable and updated basis for their work.

This publication contains proceedings of a Seminar on GLUCOSINOLATES IN RAPESEEDS - Analytical Aspects, held in Gembloux (Belgium) from 1 to 3 October 1986. The meeting was organized by request of the Commission of the European Communities in the context of the CEC Programme of Research on Plant Productivity. The main aim of the Seminar was to contribute to the elaboration of reliable quantitative methods for glucosinolate determination in rapeseeds. Fourty Experts from thirteen countries participated in this Seminar. Original contributions which were considered of special importance for the subject covered by the Seminar were presented and discussed. Thanks are due to the Chairmen, Dr. Heaney R., Dr. Biston R., Dr. Ri- baillier D., Prof. Dr. Robbelen G., authors and participants in the meeting for their contributions, friendliness and cooperation. Special thanks go to Dr. Mc Gregor (Canada) and Dr. Uppstrom B. (Swe- den) who gave Members the benefit of their knowledge. Finally, I would also like to thank those who have helped in organizing this Seminar Director Lecomte R. (Centre de Recherches Agronomiques de l'Etat, Gembloux), Rector Ledent A. (Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques de l'Etat, Gembloux), Prof. Severin M., Dr. Biston R., Mrs Bock and all my colleagues.

Here, the author has compiled data on about 550 oil-bearing plant species with respect to their content of unsaponifiable matters and oils. This unique information resource offers important information for research and development of food products such as neutraceuticals as well as cosmetics. Unsaponifiable matters have varying effects: Conservation and stability (e.g. lignans, tocopherols, tocotrienols), anti-inflammatory properties (triterpene alcohols), cholesterol-lowering (sterols), well tolerated occlusive effect on the skin (squalene). Information is provided in a clear and systematic fashion, including data on relevant chemical families and pertinent chemical structures. Also included is a thesaurus of English, Latin and French plant species names as well as 655 references to the scientific literature.

A compilation of 58 carefully selected, topical articles from the Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, this three-volume handbook provides a wealth of information on economically important basic foodstuffs, raw materials, additives, and processed foods, including a section on animal feed. It brings together the chemical and physical characteristics, production processes and production figures, main uses, toxicology and safety information in one single resource. More than 40 % of the content has been added or updated since publication of the 7th edition of the Encyclopedia in 2011 and is available here in print for the first time. The result is a "best of Ullmann's", bringing the vast knowledge to the desks of professionals in the food and feed industries.

An in-depth appraisal of the key environmental, policy, legislative, and political issues for packaging and packaged products. International experts discuss responses and activities in different parts of the world, exploring the vital role that environmentally responsible packaging must play in all societies.

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi in a wide range of foods (cereals, peanut, tree nuts, dried fruits, coffee, cocoa, grapes, spices...) both in the field and after harvest, particularly during storage. They can also be found in processed foods of plant origin, or by transfer, in food products of animal (milk, eggs, meat and offal). Mycotoxins are of major concern since they can cause acute or chronic intoxications in both humans and animals which are sometimes fatal. Many countries, particularly in Europe, have set maximum acceptable levels for mycotoxins in food and feed. The book reviews the latest literature and innovations on important aspects of mycotoxins, e.g. mycotoxin producing fungi and the related ecosystems, mycotoxin occurrence, toxicity, analysis and management. Quantitative estimations of impacts of climate change on mycotoxin occurrence have been made recently, using predictive modelling. There is also a growing interest in the occurrence and toxicity of multiple mycotoxins in food and feed, including emerging or modified forms of mycotoxins. Innovative tools were also developed to detect and quantify toxinogenic fungi and their toxins. In order to reduce the use of chemicals that are harmful to the environment and health of consumers, alternative methods of prevention and decontamination of mycotoxins were tested in pre- and post-harvest, using microorganisms, natural substances or radiation treatments.

This book discusses a number of recent technological and methodological progressions in achieving sustainable agriculture. It covers innovative and economically viable techniques for growers, laborers, consumers, policymakers, and others working to develop food-secure and ecologically sound agricultural practices to benefit humans and the environment. The key topics addressed include the increasing role of biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture, green synthesized nanoparticles for higher crop production rates, eco-friendly plant-based pesticides as alternatives to synthetic/chemical pesticides, use of genomics for improved plant breeding practices, and the use of biochar to increase the water-holding capacity in soil. The book concludes with an overview of satellite-based soil erosion practices to monitor and control the harmful impacts of land degradation, and a discussion of long-term strategies to reduce crop losses due to pest and insecticide damage. The book will be of interest to students and researchers in the field of environmental science, agriculture science, agronomy, and sustainable development.