The Spanish Language in the United States addresses the rootedness of Spanish in the United States, its racialization, and Spanish speakers' resistance against racialization. This novel approach challenges the "foreigner" status of Spanish and shows that racialization victims do not take their oppression meekly. It traces the rootedness of Spanish since the 1500s, when the Spanish empire began the settlement of the new land, till today, when 39 million U.S. Latinos speak Spanish at home. Authors show how whites categorize Spanish speaking in ways that denigrate the non-standard language habits of Spanish speakers-including in schools-highlighting ways of overcoming racism.

The Spanish Language in the United States addresses the rootedness of Spanish in the United States, its racialization, and Spanish speakers' resistance against racialization. This novel approach challenges the "foreigner" status of Spanish and shows that racialization victims do not take their oppression meekly. It traces the rootedness of Spanish since the 1500s, when the Spanish empire began the settlement of the new land, till today, when 39 million U.S. Latinos speak Spanish at home. Authors show how whites categorize Spanish speaking in ways that denigrate the non-standard language habits of Spanish speakers-including in schools-highlighting ways of overcoming racism.

This book investigates language disorders in children who speak languages other than, or in addition to, English. The chapters in the first section of the volume focus on language disorders associated with four different syndromes in multilingual populations and contexts. This section discusses language disorders associated with autism spectrum disorders, Down syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome and Williams syndrome. The chapters in the second section of the book relate to language impairment in children who speak diverse languages, although the issues they address are relevant across languages and cultural contexts. The book also reviews assessment procedures and intervention approaches for diverse languages, including Bengali, Cantonese, French, Spanish, and Turkish. The volume aims to stimulate thoughtful clinical practice and further research in language disorders in multilingual populations.

Ke's book examines and reflects on English education in Taiwan from a global English perspective, starting with a discussion on globalization and global Englishes. English education in Taiwan has gone through various major transformations since the intensification of globalization after the 1990s. On one hand, children start to learn English ever earlier while on the other hand, the curriculum and materials in the vocational schools and at the tertiary level become diversified to meet various specific needs of English use. Internationalization of education has brought increasing numbers of international students, and the roles of English in Taiwan are changing constantly with the dynamic environment, from a foreign language to a lingua franca, medium of instruction, and an international language. In his book, the author documents the historical development of education and the roles of English in Taiwan before reviewing curriculum reforms and changes in the past half century. He then presents teachers' and students' perceptions on global Englishes. He proposes global Englishes' pedagogies and his views on what changes can be made to textbooks, learning materials, entrance exams, translation, and the linguistic environment. Practical suggestions to English education in Taiwan in the globalizing context serve as a tentative conclusion for the book. Offering insights into English education and its relationship with globalization, Ke's book will be useful to researchers and students in the fields of global Englishes and English education as well as offering practical pedagogical suggestions for English educators around the world.

Providing a series of chapters, written by teacher educators in three continents, this edited volume explores the concepts, challenges, possibilities, and implementations of competency-based instruction for developing English competencies in English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts. Recent trends in education have emphasized the need to develop competencies that connect learning with real-life performances. This need has brought about a massive increase in the number of studies and scholarly works devoted to research into competency-based education. However, for teachers and learners of EFL, it is challenging to develop competencies for using a language that does not seem to connect with their real-life scenarios. The chapters apply the concept of competency-based instruction in different EFL contexts and are structured around three themes: Theory: current thoughts on theories of competency-based education Research: empirical research on competency-based teacher education Practice: integrating competency-based instruction into teacher education This book offers examples of competency-based EFL teacher education through both research and practical applications. In addition to the innovation in competency approaches, the inclusion of language learning in virtual environments offers a valuable resource for scholars, educators, researchers, and all those concerned with current and future education.

Presenting a mixed methods study conducted in a bilingual mathematics classroom in Zimbabwe, this text reveals the semantic pedagogical functions and linguistic forms of code-switching during STEM instruction. Code-Switching as a Pedagogical Tool in Bilingual Classrooms offers a detailed analysis of code-switching in the context of educational linguistics, and reveals ten major pedagogical techniques which illustrate how teachers use code-switches to engage students and provide guidance, clarification, discipline, and recaps during individual and whole-class interactions. Chapters highlight that code-switching can be used in a targeted manner to harness the cognitive potential of bilingual speakers and enhance instruction. Ultimately, the text identifies implications for teacher education, language policy, and educational leadership more broadly, and demonstrates intersections with key areas including functional, critical, and cultural literacy. This text will benefit researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in bilingualism, applied linguistics, and secondary education more broadly. Those specifically interested in multicultural education, sociolinguistics and educational policy will also benefit from this book.

In this monograph, Anatoliy V. Kharkhurin presents the results of his empirical investigation into the impact of multilingual practice on an individual's creative potential. Until now, the relationship between these two activities has received little attention in the academic community. The book makes an attempt to resuscitate this theme and provides a solid theoretical framework supported by contemporary empirical research conducted in a variety of geographic, linguistic, and sociocultural locations. This study demonstrates that several factors - such as the multilinguals' age of language acquisition, proficiency in these languages and experience with cultural settings in which these languages were acquired - have a positive impact on selective attention and language mediated concept activation mechanisms. Together, these facilitate generative and innovative capacities of creative thinking. This book will be of great interest not only to scholars in the fields of multilingualism and creativity, but also to educators and all those interested in enhancing foreign language learning and fostering creativity.

Speech practices as discursive practices for meaning-making across domains, genres, and social groups is an under-researched, highly complex field of sociolinguistics. This field has gained momentum after innovative studies of adolescents and young adults with mixed ethnic and language backgrounds revealed that they "cross" language and dialectal or vernacular borders to construct their own hybrid discursive identities. The focus in this volume is on the diversity of emerging hybridizing speech practices through contact with English, predominantly in Europe. Contributions to this collected volume originate from the DFG funded conference on language contact in times of globalization (LCTG4) and from members of the editor's funded research group "Discursive Multilingualism".

This book explores the ways in which migrants' experience in today's multilingual and multicultural society informs language use and processing, behavioural patterns, and perceptions of self-identity. Drawing on survey data from hundreds of Italian migrants living in English- speaking countries, in conjunction with more focused interviews, this volume unpacks reciprocal influences between linguistic, cultural, and psychological variables to shed light on how migrants emotionally engage with the local and heritage dimensions across public and private spaces. Visualising the impact of a constant shifting of linguistic and cultural practices can enhance our understanding of migration experiences, foreign language acquisition, language processing and socialisation, inclusion, integration, social dynamics, acculturation tendencies, and cross-cultural communication patterns. Overall, this book appeals to students and scholars interested in gaining nuanced insights into the linguistic, cultural, and psychological underpinnings of migration experiences in such disciplines as sociolinguistics, cultural studies, and social psychology.

This book investigates language disorders in children who speak languages other than, or in addition to, English. The chapters in the first section of the volume focus on language disorders associated with four different syndromes in multilingual populations and contexts. This section discusses language disorders associated with autism spectrum disorders, Down syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome and Williams syndrome. The chapters in the second section of the book relate to language impairment in children who speak diverse languages, although the issues they address are relevant across languages and cultural contexts. The book also reviews assessment procedures and intervention approaches for diverse languages, including Bengali, Cantonese, French, Spanish, and Turkish. The volume aims to stimulate thoughtful clinical practice and further research in language disorders in multilingual populations.

This book offers insights into the lived experiences (e.g., teaching, research, and practicum supervision) of TESOL teacher educators in diverse institutional and socio-cultural contexts. Informed by a situated, ecological perspective, it draws on a variety of research approaches (e.g., qualitative, action research, and self-study), and sheds light on how language teacher educators engage in daily practice and social interactions. This edited collection examines how TESOL educators cope with potential contextual obstacles (e.g., the theory-practice divide), and how they seek their continuing professional development in complex, shifting higher education settings. The book offers critical and thoughtful reflections of current practice and policies in language education and higher education, and provides practical implications on the preparation and development of frontline language teachers.

Chinese language, the first language spoken and used by the largest population in the world, has witnessed a significant global increase. Chinese as a Second Language (CSL) has thus received unprecedented attention, and teaching and learning of CSL have transcended the national boundary. This book reports a case study of training teachers of CSL in Australia with a significant implication to the western English-speaking countries such as Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the USA. The book is unique in several ways. On a theoretical level, the book analyses knowledge-based and competence-based teacher education, provides an in-depth examination of post-method pedagogy and deconstructs traditional aspects of second language teacher education, making a case for the new concept of "three dimensions". On a practical level, the Australian-based case study employs qualitative methods to gather the feedback from teacher educators, teacher trainees and students who are undergoing CSL training, and further reports on studies on CSL teaching practicum in local schools and abroad. Training Teachers of Chinese in Australia is a book for established scholars, researchers, educators, and research higher degree students who are interested in teacher education, second and foreign language education and Chinese as a second language (CSL).

Vestiges of monolingual bias are present in the portrayal of study abroad as an idealized monolingual immersion experience and the steps many programs take to encourage or enforce target language monolingualism. In reality, study abroad is often inherently multilingual. This book addresses the need for a recognition of the multilingual realities of study abroad across a variety of traditional and non-traditional national contexts and target languages. The chapters examine multilingual socialization and translanguaging with peers, local hosts and instructors; how the target language is necessarily entwined in global, local and historical contexts; and how students negotiate the use of local and global varieties of English. Together the chapters present a powerful argument for scholars and study abroad practitioners to consider and critically incorporate multilingual realities into their research and planning.

This innovative collection explores critical issues in understanding multilingualism as a defining dimension of identity creation and negotiation in contemporary social life. Reinforcing interdisciplinary conversations on these themes, each chapter is co-authored by two different researchers, often those who have not written together before. The combined effect is a volume showcasing unique and dynamic perspectives on such topics as rethinking of language policy, testing of language rights, language pedagogy, meaning-making, and activism in the linguistic landscape. The book explores multilingualism through the lenses of spaces and policies as embodied in Elizabeth Lanza's body of work in the field, with a focus on the latest research on linguistic landscapes in diverse settings. Taken together, the book offers a window into better understanding issues around processes of change in and of languages and societies. This ground breaking volume will be of particular interest to students and scholars in multilingualism, applied linguistics, and sociolinguistics.

* Written by top expert on reflective practice Thomas Farrell * Clear and accessible, assumes no prior background on reflective practice and suitable for any preservice language teacher * Each chapter features many practical reflection activities suitable to different contexts and situations

* This is the first book to bring research, theory, and practice in single volume on Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) across in- and out-of-the-classroom contexts * Accessibly synthesizes research and offers empirically grounded tools, strategies, and lessons for teaching students who are autonomous English language learners * Appeals equally to ESL and EFL contexts and has a global focus, covering settings where English is spoken as an International Language among other uses for English

* This is the first book to bring research, theory, and practice in single volume on Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) across in- and out-of-the-classroom contexts * Accessibly synthesizes research and offers empirically grounded tools, strategies, and lessons for teaching students who are autonomous English language learners * Appeals equally to ESL and EFL contexts and has a global focus, covering settings where English is spoken as an International Language among other uses for English

empowers readers to compile and analyze EAP-relevant corpora to support their practice; draws on open-access resources, allowing readers in all contexts to engage in corpus analyses; examines how corpus studies have advanced the description of spoken, written and computer-mediated academic discourses; contains numerous reflective and hands-on tasks.

* Presents a wide range of pedagogies and strategies that center students' linguistic repertoires as strengths * Contributions from top scholars including Shawna Shapiro, Bee Chamcharatsri, Christina Ortmeier-Hooper, Todd Ruecker and more * Offers an asset-based orientation for teaching writing in a way that supports students' individual identities and diverse linguistic backgrounds

* Presents a wide range of pedagogies and strategies that center students' linguistic repertoires as strengths * Contributions from top scholars including Shawna Shapiro, Bee Chamcharatsri, Christina Ortmeier-Hooper, Todd Ruecker and more * Offers an asset-based orientation for teaching writing in a way that supports students' individual identities and diverse linguistic backgrounds

Bilingualism and Bilingual Education: Conceptos Fundamentales explores relevant concepts of bilingualism for pre-service Spanish/English bilingual teachers in the United States. This volume is reader friendly while presenting complex theoretical content. It is the first of its kind to seamlessly switch between English and Spanish languages for academic purposes. This book fills a gap in the academic literature related to translanguaging as a modern and global phenomenon. The authors invite bilingual educators to develop translingual classrooms with bilingual students in which academic English and Spanish are intentionally mixed. Volume contributors center their discussions on theory, practice, and action as they reflect on their own bilingual journeys. Features such as glossary terms, discussion questions, and intentional reflection on each author's bilingual journey make it innovative and a must read in all bilingual teacher preparation programs in the nation.

The recent decision to end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) has had a major impact on many who have been geographically uprooted to places they have never lived or known. Established in 2012, DACA allows eligible immigrant youth (Dreamers) to apply for protection for deportation and work permits in two-year increments. On September 5, 2017 the Trump administration announced that it would tersely end the program. While several organizations have taken charge by advocating and representing Dreamers, there are still many students in school districts who have not been represented or advocated for because of their limited language skills. On January 22, 2019, the U.S. Supreme Court declined, for now, to take up the Trump administration's request to review the lawsuit challenging the administration's decision to end Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals. These students, although here legally, have not been able to been able to attain these skills simply because our schools do not have the adequate resources and personnel to attend to them (Cherng et al., 2017). This book exposes the experiences of 15 Educational Leadership candidates focused on improving their bilingual/ multilingual school communities via conceptual ideas and policies learned as students and synthesizing these ideas into practice as future administrators. As such, the chapters presented in this project will be focused on the development of innovative methods to meet the needs of these communities. Guided by social justice leadership, this project exposes the empirical practices of these teacher leaders in their respective New York City communities. Immigration can be an on-going challenge for educational leaders, counselors, school personnel, community members, and those who are engaged in meeting the needs of this population. Teachers and leaders in new immigrant destinations - places that are seeing rapidly increasing numbers of immigrants - often find themselves dealing with a host of unexpected issues: immigrant students' unique socio-emotional needs, community conflict, a wider range of skills in English, lack of a common language for communication with parents, and more (Tamer, 2014). Still, there is a high need of research providing leadership guidance addressing immigration policies and resources inside and outside schools.

This innovative collection examines key questions on language diversity and multilingualism running through contemporary debates in psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics. Reinforcing interdisciplinary conversations on these themes, each chapter is co-authored by two different researchers, often those who have not written together before. The combined effect is a volume showcasing unique and dynamic perspectives on such topics as multilingualism across the lifespan, bilingual acquisition, family language policy, language and ageing, language shift, language and identity, and multilingualism and language impairment. The book builds on Elizabeth Lanza's pioneering work on multilingualism across the lifespan, bringing together cutting-edge research exploring multilingualism as an evolving phenomenon at landmarks in individuals', families', and communities' lives. Taken together, the book offers a rich portrait of the different facets of multilingualism as a lived reality for individuals, families, and communities. This ground-breaking volume will be of particular interest to students and scholars in multilingualism, applied linguistics, sociolinguistics, and psycholinguistics.

* An original, accessible book on the unique challenges and benefits of teaching creative writing to nonnative English writers * Equal emphasis on teaching in ESL and EFL environments, to appeal to English immersion and EMI contexts in Asia and Europe * This book provides practical advice and assignments to help preservice teachers and instructors develop their classes, and offers guidance on evaluation and provides exercises tailored to the needs of L2 writers * This book breaks from tradition ideas of creative writing in the sense of genre and instead focuses on concrete writing skills

This comprehensive textbook prepares early childhood educators to effectively work with and support young children (ages 0-8) with diverse languages, cultures, and learning needs. With a multipurpose, multilevel format, this dynamic resource focuses on the central role of language development and culture in all aspects of learning. Adaptable chapters cover curriculum, family involvement, co-teaching, classroom environment and more, and feature both brief and deeper study versions of the material, alongside a wealth of case examples and implementation strategies. Accompanied by an online instructor's manual, this ground-breaking text is an ideal resource for students and educators in early childhood and second language education, and all fields that work with young children, and all fields that work with young children.