Applications of Polymers and Plastics in Medical Devices: Design, Manufacture, and Performance is a comprehensive guide to plastic materials for medical devices, covering fundamentals, materials, applications and regulatory requirements. Sections cover the role of plastics in medical devices, socioeconomic factors, the classification of medical devices. The performance of, medical grades and suppliers of polymer materials, which are categorized by performance level are also explored, along with manufacturing processes for device components, including extrusion, casting, injection molding and assembly processes. The book then covers applications in detail, examining each device and the role that polymers and plastics play in its construction and function. This is an essential resource for engineers, R&D, and other professionals working on plastics for medical devices and those in the plastics industry, medical device manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, packaging and biotechnology. In an academic setting, this book is of interest to researchers and advanced students in medical plastics, plastics engineering, polymer science, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, biomedical engineering and materials science.

Food Engineering Innovations Across the Food Supply Chain discusses the technology advances and innovations into industrial applications to improve supply chain sustainability and food security. The book captures the highlights of the 13th International Congress of Engineering ICEF13 under selected congress themes, including Sustainable Food Systems, Food Security, Advances in Food Process Engineering, Novel Food Processing Technologies, Food Process Systems Engineering and Modeling, among others. Edited by a team of distinguished researchers affiliated to CSIRO, this book is a valuable resource to all involved with the Food Industry and Academia. Feeding the world's population with safe, nutritious and affordable foods across the globe using finite resources is a challenge. The population of the world is increasing. There are two opposed sub-populations: those who are more affluent and want to decrease their caloric intake, and those who are malnourished and require more caloric and nutritional intake. For sustainable growth, an increasingly integrated systems approach across the whole supply chain is required.

Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Techniques of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) for Development of Membrane Technology provides updates on new progress in membrane processes due to various challenges and how many industrial companies and academic centers are carrying out these processes. Chapters help readers understand techniques of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) for the development of membrane technology, including an introduction to the technologies, their applications, and the advantages/disadvantages of CFD modeling of various membrane processes. In addition, the book compares these modeling methods with other traditional separation systems and covers fouling and concentration polarization problems. The book is a key reference for R&D managers interested in the development of membrane technologies as well as academic researchers and postgraduate students working in the wider areas of strategic treatments, separation and purification processes.

Microbiological Analysis of Foods and Food Processing Environments is a well-rounded text that focuses on food microbiology laboratory applications. The book provides detailed steps and effective visual representations with microbial morphology that are designed to be easily understood. Sections discuss the importance of the characteristics of microorganisms in isolation and enumeration of microorganisms. Users will learn more about the characteristics of microorganisms in medicine, the food industry, analysis laboratories, the protection of foods against microbial hazards, and the problems and solutions in medicine and the food industry. Food safety, applications of food standards, and identification of microorganisms in a variety of environments depend on the awareness of microorganisms in their sources, making this book useful for many industry professionals.

Ceramic Science and Engineering: Basics to Recent Advancements covers the fundamentals, classification and applications surrounding ceramic engineering. In addition, the book contains an extensive review of the current published literature on established ceramic materials. Other sections present an extensive review of up-to-date research on new innovative ceramic materials and reviews recently published articles, case studies and the latest research outputs. The book will be an essential reference resource for materials scientists, physicists, chemists and engineers, postgraduate students, early career researchers, and industrial researchers working in R&D in the development of ceramic materials. Ceramic engineering deals with the science and technology of creating objects from inorganic and non-metallic materials. It combines the principles of chemistry, physics and engineering. Fiber-optic devices, microprocessors and solar panels are just a few examples of ceramic engineering being applied in everyday life. Advanced ceramics such as alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia, ZnO, silicon carbide, silicon nitride and titania-based materials, each of which have their own specific characteristics and offer an economic and high-performance alternative to more conventional materials such as glass, metals and plastics are also discussed.

Handbook for Laboratory Safety provides insights into what you should expect when you enter a laboratory, along with how to behave in these specialized work environments. It is a practical book that can be used as a general introduction to laboratory safety, but also works as a resource for employees or students who do laboratory work. Students could carry this book in their backpack, whereas university/institute/company laboratories could place the book in every laboratory as a reference. This book is also ideally suited for essential courses for students, (new) employees or laboratory technicians who are starting their work in a laboratory environment.

Validation of Food Preservation Processes based on Novel Technologies discusses and recommends activities for bench top, pilot, prototype and commercial high hydrostatic pressure (HPP) and ultraviolet (UV) systems validation. The book explores issues of equipment scalability, selection of microorganisms of concern and their surrogates, validation and verification of critical processing conditions, treatment uniformity, process control and instrumentation. Topics are discussed in order to facilitate HPP and UV technologies implementation, thus mitigating risks during production and processing. Other sections deal with the selection of suitable surrogates that can be used in validation studies and procedures for their selection. The book also encloses case studies of validation of UV and HPP systems for pathogen reduction in juice. Edited by the main experts in the field of non-thermal food processing, this title is a guide for food process developers from starting to final point of the development and validation.

Postharvest and Postmortem Processing of Raw Food Materials, a volume in the Unit Operations and Processing Equipment in the Food Industry series, presents the processing operations and handling of agricultural crops, animal products, and raw food materials after their harvesting/slaughtering and entrance into food production factories. Chapters in this new release cover an Introduction to postharvest and postmortem technology, Primary operations in postharvest processing, Disintegration of raw agricultural crops, Disintegration with little changes in form (Husking, Shelling, Pitting, Coring, Snipping and Destemming), Disintegration with considerable changes in form (Cutting/dicing, crashing and grinding, Slaughtering, Shredding, Sheeting), and much more. Written by experts in the field of food engineering, and in a simple and dynamic way, this book targets all who are engaged in food processing operations worldwide, giving readers good knowledge on the basics of food engineering principles and applications.

Nutrition and Functional Foods in Boosting Digestion, Metabolism and Immune Health explores the role of appropriate nutrition and digestive enzymes in healthy digestion. The book addresses salient gastrointestinal features involved in healthy digestion pathophysiology, including coverage of the enzyme-microbiome connection and linkage, features of indigestion problems, roles of traditional and conventional ethnic foods, structurally diverse digestive enzymes, drugs, nutraceuticals and novel digestive formulations. In addition, the book addresses technological breakthroughs that have led to recent, novel discoveries and outlines nutritional guidelines and recommendations to achieve healthy digestion. This book is a useful resource for nutrition researchers, nutritionists, physicians working in the field of digestive health, pharmacists, food experts, health professionals, nurses and general practitioners, public health officials and those teaching or studying related fields.

Many physico-chemical and operational factors influence the performance, treatment costs and long-term stability of biofilters for the treatment of wastewater. An Innovative Role of Biofiltration in Wastewater Treatment Plants focuses on identifying the factors that affect biofiltration, such as the hydraulic retention time of the biofiltration system, the type and characteristics of the filter and the attached biomass, explains their influence and provides guidelines on how to control these factors to optimize better operation with respect to pollutant control present in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The fundamental basis of treatment in biofilters is the action of pollutant-degrading microorganisms and consequently the book also discusses in depth about the microbial ecology of biofiltration. In addition, it explores the applications of biofiltration including the removal of emerging pollutants.

Hazardous Waste Management: An Overview of Advanced and Cost-Effective Solutions includes the latest practical knowledge and theoretical concepts for the treatment of hazardous wastes. The book covers five major themes, namely, ecological impact, waste management hierarchy, hazardous waste characteristics and regulations, hazardous wastes management, and future scope of hazardous waste management. It serves as a comprehensive and advanced reference for undergraduate students, researchers and practitioners in the field of hazardous wastes and focuses on the latest emerging research in the management of hazardous waste, the direction in which this branch is developing as well as future prospects. The book deals with all these components in-depth, however, particular attention is given to management techniques and cost-effective, economically feasible solutions for hazardous wastes released from various sources.

Corrosion engineers today spend enormous amounts of time and money searching multiple detailed sources and variable industry-specific standards to locate known remedies to corrosion equipment problems. Corrosion Atlas Series is the first centralized collection of case studies containing challenges paired directly with solutions together in one location. The second release of content in the series, Corrosion Atlas Case Studies: 2021 Edition, gives engineers expedient daily corrosion solutions for common industrial equipment, no matter the industry. Providing a purely operational level view, this reference is designed as concise case studies categorized by material and includes content surrounding the phenomenon, equipment appearance supported by a color image, time of service, conditions where the corrosion occurred, cause, and suggested remedies within each case study. Additional reference listings for deeper understanding beyond the practical elements are also included. Rounding out with an introductory foundational layer of corrosion principles critical to all engineers, Corrosion Atlas Case Studies: 2021 Edition delivers the daily tool required for engineers today to solve their equipment's corrosion problems.

Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials in Near and/or Supercritical Fluids: Methods, Fundamentals and Modeling offers a comprehensive review of the current status of research, development and insights on promising future directions, covering the synthesis of nanostructured materials using supercritical fluid-based processes. The book presents fundamental aspects such as high-pressure phase behavior of complex mixtures, thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption from supercritical solutions, mechanisms of particle formation phenomena in supercritical fluid-based processes, and models for further development. It bridges the gap between theory and application, and is a valuable resource for scientists, researchers and students alike.

Sustainable Energy, Towards a Zero-Carbon Economy Using Chemistry, Electrochemistry and Catalysis provides the reader with a clear outline of some of the strategies, particularly those based on various chemical approaches, that have been put forward with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in order to achieve "zero carbon" by 2050. The author describes the chemistry of some of the processes involved, paying particular attention to those that involve heterogeneous catalytic steps and electrolysis methods. In cases in which the technology is already established, details are given of the reactor systems used. He discusses novel developments in the areas of transport, the production of essential products using renewable energy and the uses of sustainable biomass.

A-Z of Biorefinery: A Comprehensive View provides a comprehensive book that highlights and illustrates important topics relating to biorefineries, including associated theory, current and future research trends, available techniques and future challenges. This book will benefit a wide range of audiences, including students, engineers, scientists, practitioners, and those who are keen to explore more on biorefinery. Sections cover the availability of current technologies, constraints, market trends, recent system developments, and the concepts that enable modern biorefineries to utilize all kinds of biomass. This book is an essential resource for students, scientists, engineers and practitioners working in industry and academia.

Sustainable Polylactide-Based Blends provides a critical overview of the state-of-the-art in polylactide (PLA)-based blends, addressing the latest advances, innovative processing techniques and fundamental issues that persist in the field. Sections cover the fundamentals of sustainable polymeric materials, polylactide and polymer blends, current and upcoming processing technologies, structure and morphology characterization techniques for PLA and PLA-based blends, and the processing, morphology development, and properties of polylactide-based blends. Final chapters focus on current and future applications, market potential, key challenges and future outlooks. Throughout the book, theoretical modeling of immiscible polymer blends helps to establish structure-property relationships in various PLA-based polymer blends. With in-depth coverage of fundamentals and processing techniques, the book aims to support the selection of each processing method, along with an understanding of surface chemistry to achieve improved compatibility between phases.

Advanced Ceramics for Versatile Interdisciplinary Applications describes recent progress in ceramic synthesis and their applications in areas of catalysis, lithium-ion batteries, microbial fuel cells, and biomedical applications. Advancements in ceramic syntheses, such as laser additive manufacturing technologies are also discussed, as are developments in magnetic-based, doped and piezoelectric ceramics and their applications. Other sections cover mixed ionic-electronic conducting ceramic membranes for electrochemical applications, ceramic separators for microbial fuel cells, ceramic polymer composites for lithium-ion batteries, and hybrid ceramic nanocomposites for catalysis applications. The use of metal and metal oxide nanostructures as antimicrobial agents offer a wide range of advantages, ranging from straightforward synthesis to less prone towards resistance development by microbes. Finally, the development of biocompatible ceramic materials, mechanical and chemical properties, and applications are discussed in detail. The book will be useful for new researchers, academics and postgraduate students all working in the area of ceramics and their potential applications.

Development in Wastewater Treatment Research and Processes: Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics through Bacterial and Fungal Approach covers the active and applicable role that bacteria and fungi play in the degradation of xenobiotic compounds from the environment. The book gives up-to-date information on recent advancements in the field of environmental xenobiotics and how they disturb a plant's metabolism. The book also gives information on aerobic and anaerobic degradation of xenobiotic compounds through bacteria or fungi and/or a combined approach. Finally, the book covers the characteristics of environmental microbiology, biochemical engineering, agricultural microbiology, environmental engineering, and soil bioremediation.

Membrane Engineering in the Circular Economy: Renewable Sources Valorization in Energy and Downstream Processing in Agro-food Industry describes the modification of the general concept of "waste," including waste valorization as added-value products that are useful for energy production and biotechnology industries. Speaking to the relevance of this new vision, the book highlights the fundamentals of membrane operations in the exploitation of renewable sources for energy production and the valorization of agro-food waste at the industrial level. This book is an excellent resource for researchers, biologists, membranologists and engineers in chemistry, biochemical engineering, food sciences and the agro-food refinery industry.

Lactic Acid Bacteria in Food Biotechnology: Innovations and Functional Aspects describes the latest advancements in LAB applications in the development of functional foods and fermented foods, biotechnological products using LAB, i.e., bio chemicals (organic acids, bacteriocins, etc.), bioactive and functional biomolecules, comparative genomics of probiotic LAB, and genetically modified LAB in food industry. Bridging the gap between LAB-mediated fermented foods and bioactive compounds, vis-a-vis molecular aspects, this book enables the transition from research to application. The book details applications of LAB in fermented/functional foods including cereals, vegetables, fish, meat cheese, other dairy products, and much more. Other sections cover their biochemistry and biotechnology aspects, bio preservation by bio molecules produced by LAB, bioactive metabolites and biosurfactants, including their value in health and wellness and exploring the genomics of LAB from food to health. Finally, the book addresses genetically modified lactic acid bacteria in food and beverages.

Simulation and Optimization in Process Engineering: The Benefit of Mathematical Methods in Applications of the Process Industry brings together examples where the successful transfer of progress made in mathematical simulation and optimization has led to innovations in an industrial context that created substantial benefit. Containing introductory accounts on scientific progress in the most relevant topics of process engineering (substance properties, simulation, optimization, optimal control and real time optimization), the examples included illustrate how such scientific progress has been transferred to innovations that delivered a measurable impact, covering details of the methods used, and more. With each chapter bringing together expertise from academia and industry, this book is the first of its kind, providing demonstratable insights.

Integrated Environmental Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Sustainable Development provides comprehensive and advanced information on integrated environmental technologies and their limitations, challenges and potential applications in treatment of environmental pollutants and those that are discharged in wastewater from industrial, domestic and municipal sources. The book covers applied and recently developed integrated technologies to solve five major trends in the field of wastewater treatment, including nutrient removal and resource recovery, recalcitrant organic and inorganic compounds detoxification, energy saving, and biofuel and bioenergy production for environmental sustainability. The book provides future directions to young researchers, scientists and professionals who are working in the field of bioremediation and phytoremediation to remediate wastewater pollutants at laboratory and field scale, for sustainable development.

Biochemicals and Materials Production from Sustainable Biomass Resources provides a detailed overview of the experimentally developed approaches and strategies that facilitate carbon-based materials and fine chemicals derivation from biomass feedstocks with robust catalyst systems and renewed conversion routes. In addition, the book highlights theoretical methods like techno-economic analysis of biobutanol synthesis. As academia and industry are now striving to substitute fossil-based chemicals with alternative renewable resources, second-generation lignocellulosic biomass which does not depend on the food cycle has become increasingly important. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed of three major polymeric components - lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The polymers can be degraded into monomeric counterparts through selective conversion routes like hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose and of hemicellulose to xylose.

Electrochemical Power Sources: Fundamentals, Systems, and Applications: Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis offers a comprehensive overview about different hydrogen production technologies, including their technical features, development stage, recent advances, and technical and economic issues of system integration. Allied processes such as regenerative fuel cells and sea water electrolysis are also covered. For many years hydrogen production by water electrolysis was of minor importance, but research and development in the field has increased significantly in recent years, and a comprehensive overview is missing. This book bridges this gap and provides a general reference to the topic. Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is the main technology to integrate high shares of electricity from renewable energy sources and balance out the supply and demand match in the energy system. Different electrochemical approaches exist to produce hydrogen from RES (Renewable Energy Sources).

Diet, Inflammation, and Health introduces concepts of inflammation, the role of acute inflammatory responses in good health, and the association of chronic systemic inflammation with mental distress, cognitive decline, and chronic diseases, ranging from diabetes to cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and cancer. The book also describes the pathophysiology of inflammation and its effects on insulin insensitivity and blunted immune response to carcinogenesis. Researchers and allied health care professionals working in dietetics and medicine, as well as students studying related fields will benefit from this reference and its recommendations on areas where future research is needed.