Handbook of Grape Processing By-Products explores the alternatives of upgrading production by-products, also denoting their industrial potential, commercial applications and sustainable solutions in the field of grape valorization and sustainable management in the wine industry. Covering the 12 top trending topics of winery sustainable management, emphasis is given to the current advisable practices in the field, general valorization techniques of grape processing by-products (e.g. vermi-composting, pyrolysis, re-utilization for agricultural purposes etc.), the newly introduced biorefinery concept, different techniques for the separation, extraction, recovery and formulation of polyphenols, and finally, the healthy components of grape by-products that lead to target applications in the pharmaceutical, enological, food and cosmetic sectors.

Gibbs' Entropic Paradox and Problems of Separation Processes reviews the so-called Gibb's Paradox observed during the mixing of two systems. During the last 150 years, many physicists and specialists in thermodynamics, statistical and quantum mechanics been engaged in the solution of the Gibbs paradox. Many books and journal articles have written on this topic, but a widely accepted answer is still lacking. In this book, the author reviews and analyzes all this data. Based on findings, the book formulates a different approach to this paradox and substantiates it on the basis of physical and statistical principles. The book clearly shows that entropy consists of two parts, static and dynamic. Up to now, entropy has been connected only with the process dynamics. However, the Gibbs paradox is caused by the change in the static component of entropy. Finally, the book includes examples of separation processes and how to optimize them in various fields, including biology, cosmology, crystallography and the social sciences.

In 1980, the American Soybean Association and the American Oil Chemists' Society jointly published the Handbook of Soy Oil Processing and Utilization. This new Practical Handbook of Soybean Processing and Utilization is intended to provide a single source of practical information on the subject to an international audience. It is designed not only to revise and update the content of the original Handbook on soy oil but also to expand the content to include all soybean products.

This book covers the progress of the last 10 years of studies on cocoa butter. Descriptions of several aspects, including physical characteristics such as rheology, hardness, melt profiles, etc., studied by new and advanced techniques are included. Similarly, the polymorphism of cocoa butter is reconsidered in light of studies done by synchrotron DSC, FTIR, and SAXS techniques. These data are complemented by new understandings on the cause of the crystallization and transitions of the polymorphs. Other aspects such as the effect of minor components, emulsifiers, and other fats are discussed in great detail in this book.

Drawing on the expertise of researchers from around the world, the second edition of this invaluable handbook, now updated to cover the lastest advances across several areas of research, offers one of the most complete and respected references on biodiesel development, improvements, and applications. It covers the conversion of vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils into biodiesel fuel. The handbook delivers solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, and applications, as well as emissions and other environmental impacts. In addition to technical material, it updates readers on the status of the biodiesel industry worldwide.

Featuring recognized academic and industrial experts in this cutting-edge field, this book reviews single cell oils (SCO) currently in the market. The text mainly focuses on the production of the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, Arachidonic acid, and Docosahexaenoinc acid. All chapters provide up to date references for navigating the vast amount of historic data available in the field. The authors provide real world examples of the commercial development and applications of various SCO in a variety of fields, from food ingredients and disease treatment to aquaculture and fish farming. The highlight of the book is perhaps the first chapter in which Colin Ratledge, a world renowned expert in SCO and lipid biochemistry, gives an interesting and informative overview on the history of SCO development, together with his perspectives on the future of this industry in light of competition arising from genetically modified plant oils. Zvi Cohen, a renowned expert in PUFA-producing microalgae, describes some of his metabolic studies on PUFA production and TAG biosynthesis. Chapter 10 deals with EPA-producing microalgae and some cultivation strategies for their large scale production. This chapter includes a number of tables summarizing the various organisms under investigation which I found to be of great use. Since the development of EPA single cell oils is still in its infancy, this chapter is quite helpful for researchers thinking along those lines.

A staple food for thousands of years in the Mediterranean region, olive oil is now becoming popular all over the world. Olive oil has several unique characteristics that set it apart from other vegetable oils. Recent research suggests that olive oil produces many healthful benefits, including reduced risk of coronary heart disease. This second edition of Olive Oil includes new material from contributors and additional chapters that explore the most important aspects of chemistry, technology, quality, analysis and biological importance of olive oil. The topics selected will provide the reader with a solid background that will inspire and facilitate future research.

Since the publication of the first edition in 1992, the bleaching process has continued to attract the attention of researchers and the edible-oil industry. In this second edition, readers are directed to modern techniques of trace-metal analysis, including flame-atomic adsorption, graphite furnace atomic adsorption, and atomic emission spectrometry involving direct current plasma (DCP) and inductively coupled Plasma (ICP). The book discusses the Freundlich Equation and reports on high-temperature water extraction, high- temperature oxidative aqueous regeneration, and extraction with supercritical CO2. Various degumming methods improved over the past several decades are also discussed.

Manufacturing of Nanocomposites with Engineering Plastics collates recent research findings on the manufacturing, properties, and applications of nanocomposites with engineering plastics in one comprehensive volume. The book specifically examines topics of engineering plastics, rheology, thermo-mechanical properties, wear, flame retardancy, modeling, filler surface modification, and more. It represents a ready reference for managers and scholars working in the areas of polymer and nanocomposite materials science, both in industry and academia, and provides introductory information for people new to the field.

This book is a simple and didactic account of the developments and practical applications of predictive, adaptive predictive, and optimized adaptive control from a perspective of stability, including the latest methodology of adaptive predictive expert (ADEX) control. ADEX Optimized Adaptive Control Systems is divided into six parts, with exercises and real-time simulations provided for the reader as appropriate. The text begins with the conceptual and intuitive knowledge of the technology and derives the stability conditions to be verified by the driver block and the adaptive mechanism of the optimized adaptive controller to guaranty the desired control performance. The second and third parts present strategic considerations of predictive control and related adaptive systems necessary for the proper design of driver block and adaptive mechanism and thence their technical realization. The authors then proceed to detail the stability theory that supports predictive, adaptive predictive and optimized adaptive control methodologies. Benchmark applications of these methodologies (distillation column and pulp-factory bleaching plant) are treated next with a focus on practical implementation issues. The final part of the book describes ADEX platforms and illustrates their use in the design and implementation of optimized adaptive control systems to three different challenging-to-control industrial processes: * waste-water treatment;* sulfur recovery; and* temperature control of superheated steam in coal-fired power generation. The presentation is completed by a number of appendices containing technical background associated with the main text including a manual for the ADEX COP platform developed by the first author to exploit the capabilities of adaptive predictive control in real plants. ADEX Optimized Adaptive Control Systems provides practicing process control engineers with a multivariable optimal control solution which is adaptive and resistant to perturbation and the effects of noise. Its pedagogical features also facilitate its use as a teaching tool for formal university and Internet-based open-education-type graduate courses in practical optimal adaptive control and for self-study.

This full color study guide will help you recognize, understand, and retain the key concepts presented in each chapter of Milady Standard Cosmetology 2016. Self-lead exercises minimize assistance from the educator. The Essential Companion provides six easy-to-follow features- Essential Objectives, Essential Subjects, Essential Concepts, Essential Exercises, Essential Review, and Essential Notes- that enables you to identify, comprehend, and retain the key concepts necessary for success in licensure and the professional environment.

A Complete Course in Canning is firmly established as a unique and essential guide to canning and related processes. Professionals in the canning industry and students have benefited from successive editions of the book for over 100 years. This major new edition continues that reputation, with extensively revised and expanded coverage. The three-title set is designed to cover all planning, processing, storage and quality control phases undertaken by the canning industry in a detailed, yet accessible fashion. Major changes for the new edition include new chapters on regulation and labelling that contrast the situation in different regions worldwide, updated information on containers for canned foods and new information on validation and optimization of canning processes, among many others.

Allergens in food and their detection, management and elimination constitute a key issue for food manufacturers, especially in terms of safety. This book reviews current and emerging technologies for detecting and reducing allergens, as well as issues such as traceability, regulation and consumer attitudes. Following an introductory chapter by a distinguished expert, part one covers allergen management throughout the food chain. Part two details current and emerging methods of allergen detection in food, and part three covers methods for reducing and eliminating allergens in food. Finally, part four focuses on the control and detection of individual food allergens and the risks each one presents in food manufacture.
Reviews current and emerging technologies for detecting and reducing allergens, as well as issues such as traceability, regulation and consumer attitudesCovers allergen management throughout the food chain and reviews current and emerging methods of allergen detectionExamines methods for reducing and eliminating allergens in food and provides a detailed overview of the control and detection of individual food allergens

Cosmeceuticals are the latest additions to the health industry and have an ever-expanding market. They are considered to be a marriage between cosmetics and drugs and are defined as preparations applied on the body that may modify the physiological functions of the skin. However, as more cosmeceuticals are being launched in the market and more types of drugs are incorporated into the formulation, the composition of cosmeceuticals is becoming more complex. Handbook of Cosmeceutical Excipients and their Safeties summarises the current evidence relating to cosmeceuticals' side effects and highlights the important information that practitioners and consumers need to know, as well as ways to avoid the adverse effects of the excipients. Handbook of Cosmeceutical Excipients and their Safeties includes chapters covering topics such as the history of cosmeceuticals and the laws that regulate them, skin permeation, carcinogenicity as a systemic adverse effect and dermatitis as a topical adverse effect. It concludes with an appendix that gives brief information on the potency and permeability of common ingredients in cosmeceuticals. The appendix aims to highlight the maximum allowable quantity of each ingredient to ensure product safety for consumers. The appendix was prepared by compiling the ingredients of 257 products containing more than 500 compounds, collected from a hospital pharmacy in Singapore.

The Study Summary in Vietnamese for Milady's Standard Nail Technology, 7th edition contains select theory content and many procedures from the core textbook as well as learning objectives, glossary, key points and test questions.

Therapeutic risk management of medicines is an authoritative and practical guide on developing, implementing and evaluating risk management plans for medicines globally. It explains how to assess risks and benefit-risk balance, design and roll out risk minimisation and pharmacovigilance activities, and interact effectively with key stakeholders.

A more systematic approach for managing the risks of medicines arose following a number of high-profile drug safety incidents and a need for better access to effective but potentially risky treatments. Regulatory requirements have evolved rapidly over the past decade. Risk management plans (RMPs) are mandatory for new medicinal products in the EU and a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) is needed for certain drugs in the US.

This book is an easy-to-read resource that complements current regulatory guidance, by exploring key areas and practical implications in greater detail. It is structured into chapters encompassing a background to therapeutic risk management, strategies for developing RMPs, implementation of RMPs, and the continuing evolution of the risk management field.The topic is of critical importance not only to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, but also regulators and healthcare policymakers.Some chapters feature contributions from selected industry experts.
An up-to-date practical guide on conceiving, designing, and implementing global therapeutic risk management plans for medicinesA number of useful frameworks are presented which add impact to RMPs (Risk Management Plans), together with regional specific information (European Union, United States, and Japan)Acomprehensive guide for performing risk management more effectively throughout a product s life-cycle"

As tree nuts and peanuts become increasingly recognised for their health-promoting properties, the provision of safe, high quality nuts is a growing concern. Improving the safety and quality of nuts reviews key aspects of nut safety and quality management.
Part one explores production and processing practices and their influence on nut contaminants. Chapters discuss agricultural practices to reduce microbial contamination of nuts, pest control in postharvest nuts, and the impact of nut postharvest handling, de-shelling, drying and storage on quality. Further chapters review the validation of processes for reducing the microbial load on nuts and integrating Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and Statistical Process Control (SPC) for safer nut processing. Chapters in part two focus on improving nut quality and safety and highlight oxidative rancidity in nuts, the impact of roasting on nut quality, and advances in automated nut sorting. Final chapters explore the safety and quality of a variety of nuts including almonds, macadamia nuts, pecans, peanuts, pistachios and walnuts.
Improving the safety and quality of nuts is a comprehensive resource for food safety, product development and QA professionals using nuts in foods, those involved in nut growing, nut handling and nut processing, and researchers in food science and horticulture departments interested in the area.
Reviews key aspects of nut safety and quality management and addresses the influences of production and processing practices on nut safetyAnalyses particular nut contaminants, safety management in nut processing and significant nut quality issues, such as oxidative rancidityPlaces focus on quality and safety in the production and processing of selected types of nuts

The development of high-quality foods with desirable properties for both consumers and the food industry requires a comprehensive understanding of food systems and the control and rational design of food microstructures. Food microstructures reviews best practice and new developments in the determination of food microstructure.
After a general introduction, chapters in part one review the principles and applications of various spectroscopy, tomography and microscopy techniques for revealing food microstructure, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, environmental scanning electron, probe, photonic force, acoustic, light, confocal and infrared microscopies. Part two explores the measurement, analysis and modelling of food microstructures. Chapters focus on rheology, tribology and methods for modelling and simulating the molecular, cellular and granular microstructure of foods, and for developing relationships between microstructure and mechanical and rheological properties of food structures. The book concludes with a useful case study on electron microscopy.
Written by leading professionals and academics in the field, Food microstructures is an essential reference work for researchers and professionals in the processed foods and nutraceutical industries concerned with complex structures, the delivery and controlled release of nutrients, and the generation of improved foods. The book will also be of value to academics working in food science and the emerging field of soft matter.
Reviews best practice and essential developments in food microstructure microscopy and modellingDiscusses the principles and applications of various microscopy techniques used to discover food microstructureExplores the measurement, analysis and modelling of food microstructures

Metabolomics enables valuable information about the biochemical composition of foods to be rapidly obtained. Since the biochemical profile of food largely determines key food properties such as flavour and shelf life, the information gained using metabolomics-based methods will enable greater control of food quality and also help to determine the relationship between diet and health. Metabolomics in food and nutrition provides an overview of their current and potential use in the food industry.
Part one reviews equipment, methods and data interpretation in metabolomics including the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), statistical methods in metabolomics, and metabolic reconstruction databases and their application to metabolomics research. Part two explores applications of metabolomics in humans, plants and food. Chapters discuss metabolomics in nutrition, human samples for health assessments, and current methods for the analysis of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and their novel applications. Further chapters highlight metabolomic analysis of plants and crops, metabolomics for the safety assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops, and applications of metabolomics in food science including food composition and quality, sensory and nutritional attributes.
With its distinguished editors and team of expert contributors, Metabolomics in food and nutrition is a technical resource for industrial researchers in the food and nutrition sectors interested in the potential of metabolomics methods and academics and postgraduate students working in the area.
Provides an overview of the current and potential future use of metabolomics in the food industryChapters focus on key applications and review the analytical methods used and the bioinformatics techniques involved in processing the resultsDiscusses metabolomics in nutrition, human samples for health assessments, and current methods for the analysis of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and their novel applications

Algae have a long history of use as foods and for the production of food ingredients. There is also increasing interest in their exploitation as sources of bioactive compounds for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Functional ingredients from algae for foods and nutraceuticals reviews key topics in these areas, encompassing both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae.
After a chapter introducing the concept of algae as a source of biologically active ingredients for the formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals, part one explores the structure and occurrence of the major algal components. Chapters discuss the chemical structures of algal polysaccharides, algal lipids, fatty acids and sterols, algal proteins, phlorotannins, and pigments and minor compounds. Part two highlights biological properties of algae and algal components and includes chapters on the antioxidant properties of algal components, anticancer agents derived from marine algae, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities of algae, and algae and cardiovascular health. Chapters in part three focus on the extraction of compounds and fractions from algae and cover conventional and alternative technologies for the production of algal polysaccharides. Further chapters discuss enzymatic extraction, subcritical water extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction of bioactives from algae, and ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extraction and modification of algal components. Finally, chapters in part four explore applications of algae and algal components in foods, functional foods and nutraceuticals including the design of healthier foods and beverages containing whole algae, prebiotic properties of algae and algae-supplemented products, algal hydrocolloids for the production and delivery of probiotic bacteria, and cosmeceuticals from algae.
Functional ingredients from algae for foods and nutraceuticals is a comprehensive resource for chemists, chemical engineers and medical researchers with an interest in algae and those in the algaculture, food and nutraceutical industries interested in the commercialisation of products made from algae.
Provides an overview of the major compounds in algae, considering both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgaeDiscusses methods for the extraction of bioactives from algaeDescribes the use of algae and products derived from them in the food and nutraceutical industries

With growing concerns about the rising incidence of obesity, there is interest in understanding how the human appetite contributes to energy balance and how it might be affected by the foods we consume, as well as other cultural and environmental factors. Satiation, satiety and the control of food intake provides a concise and authoritative overview of these areas. Part one introduces the concepts of satiation and satiety and discusses how these concepts can be quantified. Chapters in part two focus on biological factors of satiation and satiety before part three moves on to explore food composition factors. Chapters in part four discuss hedonic, cultural and environmental factors of satiation and satiety. Finally, part five explores public health implications and evaluates consumer understanding of satiation and satiety and related health claims.
Provides a concise and authoritative overview of appetite regulationFocuses on the effects of biological factors, food composition and hedonic, cultural and environmental factors affecting appetite controlDiscusses implications for public health

This authoritative and comprehensive book makes the reader familiar with the processes of bringing orphan drugs to the global market. There are between 5,000 and 7,000 rare diseases and the number of patients suffering from them is estimated to be more than 50 million in the US and Europe. Before the orphan drug legislation enacted in the US in 1983, there was a limited interest from industry to develop treatment for very small patient groups. One of the difficulties is, of course, that similar levels of investment are needed from a pharmaceutical company to bring a drug to the market for both small and large patient groups.
The journey from application of an orphan drug designation to a reimbursed market- approved drug is long and many obstacles occur during the journey.
After reading the book, readers will: Understand who the players/stakeholders are in the rare orphan disease field and their specific needs and concerns: patients and patient organizations, researchers and treating physicians within the field, industry, regulatory and reimbursement bodies* Understand the strong partnership between the different players and the various initiatives to improve and increase access to treatment for patients; minimizing the gap between numbers of known diseases, orphan designations, approved drugs and paid drugs.
The book also provides short practical case stories from patients and researchers, as well as representatives from industry and authorities on the challenges they came across in developing orphan drugs or getting access to orphan drugs.
A comprehensive overview of strategy, key activities and considerations of how to bring an orphan drug from concept to the market and make it available to patientsA source of updated information, news and trends for those who are already active in this fast-evolving fieldCovers the global definitions and the criteria for getting an orphan drug designation in, for example, the US and Europe

With decreasing profit margins, increasing cost pressures, growing regulatory compliance concerns, mounting pressure from generic drugs and increasing anxiety about the future of healthcare reimbursement, pharmaceutical manufacturers are now forced to re-examine and re-assess the way they have been doing things. In order to sustain profitability, these companies are looking to reduce waste (of all kinds), improve efficiency and increase productivity. Many of them are taking a closer look at lean manufacturing as a way to achieve these goals. Lean biomanufacturing re-visits lean principles and then applies them sympathetically - in a highly practical approach - to the specific needs of pharmaceutical processes, which present significantly different challenges to more mainstream manufacturing processes. A major goal of the book is to highlight those problems and issues that appear more specific or unique to biopharmaceutical manufacturing situations and to provide some insights into what challenges are the important ones to solve and what techniques, tools and mechanisms to employ to be successful.
Following an introduction to lean biomanufacturing, the book goes on to discuss lean technologies and methods applied in biomanufacturing. Later chapters cover the creation and implementation of the Transition Plan, issues facing the biopharmaceutical industry, creating a lean approach towards biopharmaceutical processes and the contribution of simulation models in developing these processes. The final chapter covers examples of new technology innovations which help facilitate lean biomanufacturing.
A focus on the issues associated with the application of lean principles to biomanufacturingPractical examples of factors which can affect biopharmaceutical processesCoverage of key factors which require integration to run an efficient biopharmaceutical process

A range of new and innovative tools used for preformulation and formulation of medicines help optimize pharmaceutical development projects. Such tools also assist with the performance evaluation of the pharmaceutical process, allowing any potential gaps to be identified. These tools can be applied in both basic research and industrial environment. Formulation tools for pharmaceutical development considers these key research and industrial tools.
Nine chapters by leading contributors cover: Artificial neural networks technology to model, understand, and optimize drug formulations; ME_expert 2.0: a heuristic decision support system for microemulsions formulation development; Expert system for the development and formulation of push-pull osmotic pump tablets containing poorly water-soluble drugs; SeDeM Diagram: an expert system for preformulation, characterization and optimization of tables obtained by direct compression; New SeDeM-ODT expert system: an expert system for formulation of orodispersible tablets obtained by direct compression; and 3D-cellular automata in computer-aided design of pharmaceutical formulations: mathematical concept and F-CAD software.
Coverage of artificial intelligence tools, new expert systems, understanding of pharmaceutical processes, robust development of medicines, and new ways to develop medicinesDevelopment of drugs and medicines using mathematical toolsCompilation of expert system developed around the world

The increased use of polymer matrix composites in structural applications has led to the growing need for a very high level of quality control and testing of products to ensure and monitor performance over time. Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites explores a range of NDE techniques and the use of these techniques in a variety of application areas.
Part one provides an overview of a range of NDE and NDT techniques including eddy current testing, shearography, ultrasonics, acoustic emission, and dielectrics. Part two highlights the use of NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications. Part three focuses on NDE techniques for aerospace applications including the evaluation of aerospace composites for impact damage and flaw characterisation. Finally, the use of traditional and emerging NDE techniques in civil and marine applications is explored in part four.
With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using polymer matrix composites, professionals requiring an understanding of non-destructive evaluation techniques, and academics interested in this field.
Explores a range of NDE and NDT techniques and considers future trendsExamines in detail NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applicationsDiscusses NDE techniques in aerospace applications including detecting impact damage, ultrasonic techniques and structural health monitoring